TY  - JOUR
T1  - ALcohol-branded merchandise and its association with drinking attitudes and outcomes in us adolescents
AU  - McClure AC, Stoolmiller M, Tanski SE, Worth KA, Sargent JD
Y1  - 2009/03/02
N1  - 10.1001/archpediatrics.2008.554
JO  - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
SP  - 211
EP  - 217
VL  - 163
IS  - 3
N2  - Objective 
    To describe ownership of alcohol-branded merchandise (ABM) and its association with attitudinal susceptibility, initiation of alcohol use, and binge drinking.Design 
    Three-wave longitudinal study.Setting 
    Confidential telephone survey.Participants 
    Representative US sample of 6522 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years at baseline survey (4309 of whom were never-drinkers at 8 months); subjects were resurveyed at 16 and/or 24 months.Main Exposures 
    Ownership of ABM (first assessed at the 8-month survey) and attitudinal susceptibility to alcohol use.Outcome Measures 
    Initiation of alcohol use that parents did not know about and binge drinking (≥5 drinks in a row).Results 
    Prevalence of ABM ownership ranged from 11% of adolescents (at 8 months) to 20% (at 24 months), which extrapolates to 2.1 to 3.1 million US adolescents, respectively. Clothing and headwear comprised 88% of ABM. Beer brands accounted for 75% of items; 45% of items bore the Budweiser label. Merchandise was obtained primarily from friends and/or family (71%) but was also purchased by the adolescents themselves (24%) at stores. Among never-drinkers, ABM ownership and susceptibility were reciprocally related, each significantly predicting the other during an 8-month period. In turn, we found that ABM ownership and susceptibility predicted both initiation of alcohol use and binge drinking, while controlling for a broad range of covariates.Conclusions 
    Alcohol-branded merchandise is widely distributed among US adolescents, who obtain the items one-quarter of the time through direct purchase at retail outlets. Among never-drinkers, ABM ownership is independently associated with susceptibility to as well as with initiation of drinking and binge drinking.
SN  - 1072-4710
M3  - doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2008.554
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2008.554
ER  -