RT Journal A1 RUSSELL EP, SMITH NJ T1 HEreditary hematuria JF A.M.A. Journal of Diseases of Children JO A.M.A. Journal of Diseases of Children YR 1959 FD September 1 VO 98 IS 3 SP 353 OP 358 DO 10.1001/archpedi.1959.02070020355009 UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1959.02070020355009 AB Idiopathic hematuria as a familial, genetically controlled disease is unusual. Reyersbach et al.1 identified this condition in only eight patients in an 18-year period in a large pediatric clinic. Hematuria, per se, is a commonly encountered clinical finding, and that this finding can result from some undefined genetically controlled abnormality must be frequently considered if rather disastrous diagnostic errors are to be avoided.Three persons with asymptomatic hematuria and one who was asymptomatic for about 15 years and eventually succumbed to nephritis have been found in the family to be discussed here. An attempt has been made to gain some insight into the nature of the genetic transmission of the abnormality. The natural history of the disturbance is of interest with particular regard to the long-term prognosis in children found to have this condition.Family History  The propositus, Case 1, was seen by one of us (E. P. R.)