RT Journal
A1 Singh TP, Evans S
T1 SOcioeconomic position and heart rate recovery after maximal exercise in children
JF Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
JO Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
YR 2010
FD May 1
VO 164
IS 5
SP 479
OP 484
DO 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.57
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.57
AB Objective 
    To determine whether socioeconomic (SE) position is associated with first-minute (1-minute) heart rate (HR) recovery in healthy children and adolescents (hereafter referred to as children).Design 
    In a cross-sectional study, we compared 1-minute HR recovery in 3 groups of children (low, medium, and high SE) using multivariable analysis. The groups were based on neighborhood SE data extracted from the US 2000 census database.Setting 
    Children's Hospital Boston.Participants 
    Four hundred eighty children referred for exercise testing to exclude cardiac disease and discharged as showing normal results.Main Exposures 
    Socioeconomic position and body mass index (BMI).Main Outcome Measure 
    Heart rate recovery after a maximal treadmill exercise test (Bruce protocol) following a consistent 1-minute cool-down period.Results 
    The low SE group had a higher proportion of children with a high BMI (≥85th percentile) (P = .07) and exercised for a shorter duration, controlling for age, sex, and BMI (P < .001). After adjusting for age (P < .001) and sex (P < .001), a significant interaction of SE group with BMI was found (P = .04). There was no difference in HR recovery in the 3 SE groups in children with a normal BMI (<85th percentile). Among children with a high BMI, only those from low and middle SE neighborhoods had impaired 1-minute HR recovery.Conclusion 
    Children with a high BMI in low and middle SE positions appear to have worse cardiovascular health compared with children with a high BMI in a high SE position.