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May 1997, Vol 151, No. 5 >
Article | May 1997

Genital Tuberculosis in an Adolescent Male FREE

Amy M. Heneghan, MD; Robert Livingston, MD, MPH
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997;151(5):526-527. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170420096019.
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Tuberculosis remains an important public health problem and a significant cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditures in the United States and worldwide.1 In 1994, 24 361 cases of tuberculosis were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga; 1695 of these cases were in children younger than 14 years.2 Although the total number of cases dropped in 1995 to 22 813 (1551 cases in children <14 years), the number of cases in foreign-born persons grew from 7627 in 1994 to 8042 in 1995.3 There is a bimodal distribution with approximately 60% of childhood cases occurring in children younger than 5 years and a peak again in children older than 14 years. While the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis has fallen during the past few decades, extrapulmonary disease has remained relatively constant since the 1960s.4-6

An uncommon extrapulmonary site for tuberculosis is the

REFERENCES

1 +
Abernathy RS.  Tuberculosis in children: still a public health threat . J Respir Dis . 1982;;8:67-87.
2 +
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Tuberculosis morbidity: United States, 1994 . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1995;;44:387-389.
3 +
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Tuberculosis morbidity: United States, 1995 . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1996;;45:365-370.
4 +
US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1985 Tuberculosis Statistics: States and Cities . Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1987;. Dept of Health and Human Services publication CDC 87-8249.
5 +
Farer LS, Lowell AM, Meador MP.  Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States . Am J Epidemiol . 1979;;109:205-217.
6 +
Alvarez S, McCabe WR.  Extrapulmonary tuberculosis revisited: a review of experiences at Boston City and other hospitals . Medicine . 1984;;63:25-55.
7 +
Gorse GJ, Belshe RB.  Male genital tuberculosis: a review of the literature with instructive case reports . Rev Infect Dis . 1985;;7:511-524.
8 +
Gokalp A, Gultekin EY, Ozdamar S.  Genitourinary tuberculosis: a review of 83 cases . Br J Clin Pract . 1990;;44:599-600.
9 +
Allen FJ, deKock ML.  Genito-urinary tuberculosis: experience with 52 urology inpatients . South Am Med J . 1993;;83:903-907.
10 +
Heaton ND, Hogan B, Thompson P, Yates-Bell AJ.  Tuberculosis pididymo-orchitis: clinical and ultrasound observations . BrJ Urol . 1989;;64:305-309.
11 +
Gow JG, Barbosa S.  Genitourinary tuberculosis: a study of 1117 cases over a period of 34 years . Br J Urol . 1984;;56:449-455.
12 +
Richardson V, Zickler CF, Wheat LJ.  Tuberculosis screening and treatment in children . J Pediatr Health Care . 1991;;5:11-17.
13 +
CDC.  Screening for tuberculosis infection in high-risk populations . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1995;;44:19-34.

Figures

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Interactive Graphics

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Abernathy RS.  Tuberculosis in children: still a public health threat . J Respir Dis . 1982;;8:67-87.
2 +
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Tuberculosis morbidity: United States, 1994 . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1995;;44:387-389.
3 +
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Tuberculosis morbidity: United States, 1995 . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1996;;45:365-370.
4 +
US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1985 Tuberculosis Statistics: States and Cities . Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1987;. Dept of Health and Human Services publication CDC 87-8249.
5 +
Farer LS, Lowell AM, Meador MP.  Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States . Am J Epidemiol . 1979;;109:205-217.
6 +
Alvarez S, McCabe WR.  Extrapulmonary tuberculosis revisited: a review of experiences at Boston City and other hospitals . Medicine . 1984;;63:25-55.
7 +
Gorse GJ, Belshe RB.  Male genital tuberculosis: a review of the literature with instructive case reports . Rev Infect Dis . 1985;;7:511-524.
8 +
Gokalp A, Gultekin EY, Ozdamar S.  Genitourinary tuberculosis: a review of 83 cases . Br J Clin Pract . 1990;;44:599-600.
9 +
Allen FJ, deKock ML.  Genito-urinary tuberculosis: experience with 52 urology inpatients . South Am Med J . 1993;;83:903-907.
10 +
Heaton ND, Hogan B, Thompson P, Yates-Bell AJ.  Tuberculosis pididymo-orchitis: clinical and ultrasound observations . BrJ Urol . 1989;;64:305-309.
11 +
Gow JG, Barbosa S.  Genitourinary tuberculosis: a study of 1117 cases over a period of 34 years . Br J Urol . 1984;;56:449-455.
12 +
Richardson V, Zickler CF, Wheat LJ.  Tuberculosis screening and treatment in children . J Pediatr Health Care . 1991;;5:11-17.
13 +
CDC.  Screening for tuberculosis infection in high-risk populations . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1995;;44:19-34.

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