We read with interest the article by Lannon et al1 summarizing their results from focus groups conducted with disadvantaged mothers around the issue of barriers to immunization. The Editor's comment about proceeding to the next step of evaluating the effectiveness of the suggested interventions prompted us to share the results of a recent investigation that we conducted.
Ongoing efforts for ensuring the timely immunization of children have included traditional and more recent methods such as parent-held records, mailed and telephoned reminders, and computerized tracking. Despite these efforts, recent resurgences of vaccinepreventable communicable diseases have been reported particularly in low-income, nonwhite populations.2
We tracked a group of 131 low-income, high-risk mother-infant dyads in a study that used a "casemanaged" approach to ensure timely immunization of children from birth through their initial series at 15 months of age. Case management consisted of frequent telephone contacts (reminders and follow-up), mainings, home