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March 1994, Vol 148, No. 3 >
Article | March 1994

The Use of Primidone in Neonates With Theophylline-Resistant Apnea FREE

Elif özbag, MD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994;148(3):332. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1994.02170030102029.
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I read with interest the article by Miller et al1 in the February 1993 issue ofAJDC. Primidone was administered to infants with apnea that was resistant to theophylline. Hematocrit values, glucose levels, and calcium levels of the infants were normal. Nine had normal cranial sonograms, three had evidence of grade 1 or 2 hemorrhage, and two had grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage. No epileptiform abnormalities were noted on any of the electroencephalograms. Despite this, the authors have speculated that the apneic events might represent subcortical or brainstem seizures and that primidone acted as an anticonvulsant. They have also pointed out that the action could be entirely different.

It is known that preterm infants without any perinatal or postnatal complications show apneic episodes accompanied by bradycardia that are particularly more frequent and severe during active or rapid eye movement sleep.2

Phenobarbital, which decreases the ratio of rapid eye movement

REFERENCES

1 +
Miller AC, Gaylord M, Lorch V, Zimmerman AW.  The use of primidone in neonates with theophylline-resistant apnea . AJDC . 1993;;147:183-186.
2 +
Gabriel M, Albani M, Schulte FJ.  Apneic spells and sleep states in preterm infants . Pediatrics . 1976;;57:142-147.
3 +
Freemon FR.  Clinical pharmacology of sleep: a critical review of all-night electroencephalographic studies . Behav Neuropsychiatry . 1973;;4:49-60.
4 +
Gabriel M, Albani M.  Rapid eye movement sleep, apnea and cardiac slowing influenced by phenobarbital administration in the neonate . Pediatrics . 1977;; 60:426-430.
5 +
Porter RJ, William HP.  Antiepileptic drugs . In: Katzung BG, ed. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology . East Norwalk, Conn: Appleton & Lange; 1989;;293-294.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Miller AC, Gaylord M, Lorch V, Zimmerman AW.  The use of primidone in neonates with theophylline-resistant apnea . AJDC . 1993;;147:183-186.
2 +
Gabriel M, Albani M, Schulte FJ.  Apneic spells and sleep states in preterm infants . Pediatrics . 1976;;57:142-147.
3 +
Freemon FR.  Clinical pharmacology of sleep: a critical review of all-night electroencephalographic studies . Behav Neuropsychiatry . 1973;;4:49-60.
4 +
Gabriel M, Albani M.  Rapid eye movement sleep, apnea and cardiac slowing influenced by phenobarbital administration in the neonate . Pediatrics . 1977;; 60:426-430.
5 +
Porter RJ, William HP.  Antiepileptic drugs . In: Katzung BG, ed. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology . East Norwalk, Conn: Appleton & Lange; 1989;;293-294.

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