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August 1990, Vol 144, No. 8 >
Article | August 1990

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Hydrocarbon Aspiration FREE

Anthony J. Scalzo, MD; Thomas R. Weber, MD; Robert W. Jaeger; Robert H. Connors, MD; Michael W. Thompson
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication March 27, 1989.

Presented as a poster at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology/American Association of Poison Control Centers/American Board of Medical Toxicology/Canadian Association of Poison Control Centers, Vancouver, Canada, October 1, 1987.

Reprint requests to 1465 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 (Dr Scalzo).


Am J Dis Child. 1990;144(8):867-871. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150320031020.
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References
Comments

• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a pulmonary bypass procedure that has been employed in adults to provide temporary treatment for reversible acute pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency. The technology of membrane oxygenation has been used since 1977 in neonates with predictably fatal pulmonary failure due to respiratory distress syndrome, persistent fetal circulation or persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, meconium aspiration syndrome, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in older children with other pulmonary disorders has been limited. We report two cases of hydrocarbon aspiration involving petroleum-based products, both successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. A 15-month-old male infant who aspirated baby oil (light mineral oil) is particularly unusual owing to the generally expected low risk of aspiration with a hydrocarbon of such viscosity (>60 Saybolt Universal Seconds). The second patient is a 16-month-old male infant who aspirated furniture polish (mineral seal oil). In both children severe intractable hypoxemia developed despite intensive ventilatory support, and they became candidates for alternative therapy. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation provides a potentially life-saving option when a patient fails to respond to conventional therapy for hydrocarbon aspiration.

(AJDC. 1990;144:867-871)

REFERENCES

1 +
Rashkind WJ, Freeman A, Klein D, Toft RW.  Evaluation of a disposable plastic low volume pumpless oxygenator as a lung substitute . J Pediatr . 1965;;66:94-102.
2 +
Bartlett RH, Gazzaniga AB, Huxtable RF, Schippers HC, O'Connor MJ, Jefferies MR.  Extracorporeal circulation (ECMO) in neonatal respiratory failure . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 1977;;74:826-833.
3 +
Pyle RB, Helton WC, Johnson FW, et al.  Clinical use of the membrane oxygenator . Arch Surg . 1975;;110:966-970.
4 +
Zapol WM, Snider MT, Hill JD, et al.  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory failure . JAMA . 1979;;242:2193-2196.
5 +
Weber TR, Pennington DG, Connors R, et al.  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for newborn respiratory failure . Ann Thorac Surg . 1986;;42:529-535.
6 +
Nugent J.  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the neonate . Neonatal Network . 1986;;4:27-38.
7 +
Ervin ME.  Petroleum distillates and turpentine . In: Haddad LM, Winchester JF, eds. Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1983;:771-778.
8 +
Zucker AR, Berger S, Wood LDH.  Management of kerosene-induced pulmonary injury . Crit Care Med . 1986;;14:303-304.
9 +
Reinhardt CF, Mullin LS, Maxfield ME.  Epinephrine-induced cardiac arrhythmia potential of some common industrial solvents . J Occup Med . 1973;;15:953-955.
10 +
Beamon RF, Siegel CJ, Landers G, Green V.  Hydrocarbon ingestion in children: a six year retrospective study . J Am Coll Emerg Physicians . 1976;;5:771-775.
11 +
Litovitz TL, Schmitz BF, Matyunas N, Holm C.  1988 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System . Am J Emerg Med . 1989;;7:495-545.
12 +
Wolfsdorf J.  Kerosene intoxication: an experimental approach to the etiology of the CNS manifestations in primates . J Pediatr . 1976;; 88:1037-1040.
13 +
Bruckner JV, Peterson RG.  Toxicology of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons . Natl Inst Drug Abuse Res Monogr . 1977;;15:124-163.
14 +
Bratton L, Haddow JE.  Ingestion of charcoal lighter fluid . J Pediatr . 1975;;87:633-636.
15 +
Gerarde HW.  Toxicological studies on hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures . Arch Environ Health . 1963;;6:329-341.
16 +
Laughlen G.  Studies on pneumonia following nasopharyngeal injection of oil . Am J Pathol . 1925;;1:407-414.
17 +
Pinkerton H.  Oils and fats: their entrance into and fate in the lungs of infants and children: a clinical and pathologic report . AJDC . 1927;;33:259-285.
18 +
Pierson JW.  Some unusual pneumonias associated with the aspiration of fats and oils in the lungs . AJR . 1932;;27:572-579.
19 +
Goodwin TC.  Lipoid cell pneumonia . AJDC . 1934;;48:309-326.
20 +
Ikeda K.  Oil aspiration pneumonia (lipoid pneumonia): clinical, pathologic and experimental consideration . AJDC . 1935;;49:985-1006.
21 +
Baumgartner L, Angevine DM.  Lipoid pneumonia and conditions that may favor its occurrence . Am J Med Sci . 1936;;192:252-257.
22 +
Bromer RS, Wolman IJ.  Lipoid pneumonia in infants and children . Radiology . 1939;;32:1-7.
23 +
Osol A, Farrar GE, eds. The Dispensatory of the United States of America . Philadelphia, Pa: JB Lippincott; 1955;:504.
24 +
Tchertkoff IG, Ornstein GC.  Bronchopulmonary disease attributed to the use of intranasal instillation of oily substances . Q Bull Sea View Hosp . 1936;;1:139-159.
25 +
De la Rocha SR, Cunningham JC, Fox E.  Lipoid pneumonia secondary to baby oil aspiration: a case report and review of the literature . Pediatr Emerg Care . 1985;;1:74-80.
26 +
Saxena S, Gupta U.  Lipoid pneumonia: review of the literature with a case report . J Indian Med Assoc . 1966;;47:169-172.
27 +
Freiman DG, Engelberg H, Merrit WH.  Oil aspiration (lipoid) pneumonia in adults . Arch Intern Med . 1940;;66:11-38.
28 +
Giammona ST.  Effects of furniture polish on pulmonary surfactant . AJDC . 1967;;113:658-663.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Rashkind WJ, Freeman A, Klein D, Toft RW.  Evaluation of a disposable plastic low volume pumpless oxygenator as a lung substitute . J Pediatr . 1965;;66:94-102.
2 +
Bartlett RH, Gazzaniga AB, Huxtable RF, Schippers HC, O'Connor MJ, Jefferies MR.  Extracorporeal circulation (ECMO) in neonatal respiratory failure . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 1977;;74:826-833.
3 +
Pyle RB, Helton WC, Johnson FW, et al.  Clinical use of the membrane oxygenator . Arch Surg . 1975;;110:966-970.
4 +
Zapol WM, Snider MT, Hill JD, et al.  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory failure . JAMA . 1979;;242:2193-2196.
5 +
Weber TR, Pennington DG, Connors R, et al.  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for newborn respiratory failure . Ann Thorac Surg . 1986;;42:529-535.
6 +
Nugent J.  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the neonate . Neonatal Network . 1986;;4:27-38.
7 +
Ervin ME.  Petroleum distillates and turpentine . In: Haddad LM, Winchester JF, eds. Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1983;:771-778.
8 +
Zucker AR, Berger S, Wood LDH.  Management of kerosene-induced pulmonary injury . Crit Care Med . 1986;;14:303-304.
9 +
Reinhardt CF, Mullin LS, Maxfield ME.  Epinephrine-induced cardiac arrhythmia potential of some common industrial solvents . J Occup Med . 1973;;15:953-955.
10 +
Beamon RF, Siegel CJ, Landers G, Green V.  Hydrocarbon ingestion in children: a six year retrospective study . J Am Coll Emerg Physicians . 1976;;5:771-775.
11 +
Litovitz TL, Schmitz BF, Matyunas N, Holm C.  1988 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System . Am J Emerg Med . 1989;;7:495-545.
12 +
Wolfsdorf J.  Kerosene intoxication: an experimental approach to the etiology of the CNS manifestations in primates . J Pediatr . 1976;; 88:1037-1040.
13 +
Bruckner JV, Peterson RG.  Toxicology of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons . Natl Inst Drug Abuse Res Monogr . 1977;;15:124-163.
14 +
Bratton L, Haddow JE.  Ingestion of charcoal lighter fluid . J Pediatr . 1975;;87:633-636.
15 +
Gerarde HW.  Toxicological studies on hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures . Arch Environ Health . 1963;;6:329-341.
16 +
Laughlen G.  Studies on pneumonia following nasopharyngeal injection of oil . Am J Pathol . 1925;;1:407-414.
17 +
Pinkerton H.  Oils and fats: their entrance into and fate in the lungs of infants and children: a clinical and pathologic report . AJDC . 1927;;33:259-285.
18 +
Pierson JW.  Some unusual pneumonias associated with the aspiration of fats and oils in the lungs . AJR . 1932;;27:572-579.
19 +
Goodwin TC.  Lipoid cell pneumonia . AJDC . 1934;;48:309-326.
20 +
Ikeda K.  Oil aspiration pneumonia (lipoid pneumonia): clinical, pathologic and experimental consideration . AJDC . 1935;;49:985-1006.
21 +
Baumgartner L, Angevine DM.  Lipoid pneumonia and conditions that may favor its occurrence . Am J Med Sci . 1936;;192:252-257.
22 +
Bromer RS, Wolman IJ.  Lipoid pneumonia in infants and children . Radiology . 1939;;32:1-7.
23 +
Osol A, Farrar GE, eds. The Dispensatory of the United States of America . Philadelphia, Pa: JB Lippincott; 1955;:504.
24 +
Tchertkoff IG, Ornstein GC.  Bronchopulmonary disease attributed to the use of intranasal instillation of oily substances . Q Bull Sea View Hosp . 1936;;1:139-159.
25 +
De la Rocha SR, Cunningham JC, Fox E.  Lipoid pneumonia secondary to baby oil aspiration: a case report and review of the literature . Pediatr Emerg Care . 1985;;1:74-80.
26 +
Saxena S, Gupta U.  Lipoid pneumonia: review of the literature with a case report . J Indian Med Assoc . 1966;;47:169-172.
27 +
Freiman DG, Engelberg H, Merrit WH.  Oil aspiration (lipoid) pneumonia in adults . Arch Intern Med . 1940;;66:11-38.
28 +
Giammona ST.  Effects of furniture polish on pulmonary surfactant . AJDC . 1967;;113:658-663.

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