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March 1990, Vol 144, No. 3 >
Article | March 1990

Evaluations of Diapers Containing Absorbent Gelling Material With Conventional Disposable Diapers in Newborn Infants FREE

Alfred T. Lane, MD, FAAP; Paul A. Rehder, MD, FAAP; Klaus Helm, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication July 10, 1989.

Reprint requests to Dermatology Department, University of Rochester, Box 697, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 (Dr Lane).


Am J Dis Child. 1990;144(3):315-318. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150270065027.
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• We evaluated 149 infants diapered in either conventional cellulose core disposable diapers or diapers containing cellulose core with absorbent gelling material. The infants were evaluated from 1 day of age to 14 weeks of age for the prevalence and severity of diaper dermatitis. We identified a low prevalence of diaper dermatitis throughout the study period. At 14 weeks of age, we noted that infants in diapers containing absorbent gelling material had significantly less diaper dermatitis than those in conventional disposable diapers. Despite the overall low prevalence of diaper dermatitis in the newborn period, 7 of 204 infants evaluated had small skin erosions in the diaper area noted within the first 4 days of age. Both diaper types were associated with infants with erosions. This surprisingly high incidence of erosions in newborn infants suggests previously undocumented increased skin fragility of full-term infants.

(AJDC. 1990;144:315-318)

REFERENCES

1 +
Jordan WE, Lawson KD, Berg RW, Franxman JJ, Marrer AM.  Diaper dermatitis: frequency and severity among a general infant population . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;3:198-207.
2 +
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods . Ames, Iowa: The Iowa State University Press; 1980;.
3 +
Campbell RL, Seymour JL, Stone LC, Milligan MC.  Clinical studies with disposable diapers containing absorbent gelling materials: evaluation of effects on infant skin condition . J Am Acad Dermatol . 1987;;17:978-987.
4 +
Weston WL, Lane AT, Weston JA.  Diaper dermatitis: current concepts . Pediatrics . 1980;; 66:532-536.
5 +
Hayden GF.  Skin diseases encountered in a pediatric clinic . AJDC . 1985;;139:36-38.
6 +
Grant WW, Street L, Fearnow RG.  Diaper rashes in infancy . Clin Pediatr (Phila) . 1973;; 12:714-716.
7 +
Benjamin L.  Clinical correlates with diaper dermatitis . Pediatrician . 1987;;14( (suppl) ):21-26.
8 +
Leyden JJ, Katz S, Stewart R, Kligman AM.  Urinary ammonia and ammonia-producing microorganisms in infants with and without diaper dermatitis . Arch Dermatol . 1977;;113:1678-1680.
9 +
Leyden JJ.  Corn starch, Candida albicans, and diaper rash . Pediatr Dermatol . 1984;;1:322-325.
10 +
Zimmerer RE, Lawson KD, Calvert CJ.  The effects of wearing diapers on skin . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;3:95-101.
11 +
Aly R, Shirley C, Cunico B, Maibach HI.  Effect of prolonged occlusion on the microbial flora, pH, carbon dioxide and transepidermal water loss on human skin . JInvest Dermatol . 1978;;71:378-381.
12 +
Berg RW.  Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: a model for development of improved diapers . Pediatrician . 1987;;14( (suppl) ):27-33.
13 +
Berg RW, Buckingham KW, Stewart RL.  Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: the role of urine . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;3:102-106.
14 +
Buckingham KW, Berg RW.  Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: the role of feces . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;2:107-112.
15 +
Keswick BH, Seymour JL, Milligan MC.  Diaper area skin microflora of normal children and children with atopic dermatitis . J Clin Microbiol . 1987;;25:216-221.
16 +
Leyden JJ, Kligman AM.  The role of microorganisms in diaper dermatitis . Arch Dermatol . 1978;;114:56-59.
17 +
Seymour JL, Keswick BH, Hanifin JM, Jordan WP, Milligan MC.  Clinical effects of diaper types on the skin of normal infants and infants with atopic dermatitis . J Am Acad Dermatol . 1987;;17:988-997.
18 +
Dixon PN, Warin RP, English MP.  Role of Candida albicans infection in napkin rashes . Br Med J . 1969;;2:23-27.
19 +
Honig PJ, Gribetz B, Leyden JJ, McGinley KJ, Burke LA.  Amoxicillin and diaper dermatitis . J Am Acad Dermatol . 1988;;19:275-279.
20 +
Negi M, Tsuboi R, Matsui T, Ogawa H.  Isolation and characterization of proteinase from Candida albicans: substrate specificity . J Invest Dermatol . 1984;;83:32-36.
21 +
Maibach HI, Kligman AM.  The biology of experimental human cutaneous moniliasis (Candida albicans) . Arch Dermatol . 1962;;85:233-257.
22 +
Ray TL, Wuepper KD.  Activation of the alternative (properdin) pathway of complement by Candida albicans and related species . J Invest Dermatol . 1976;;67:700-703.
23 +
Campbell RL, Bartlett AV, Sarbaugh FC, Pickering LK.  Effects of diaper types on diaper dermatitis associated with diarrhea and antibiotic use in children in day-care centers . Pediatr Dermatol . 1988;;5:83-87.
24 +
Campbell RL.  Clinical tests with improved disposable diapers . Pediatrician . 1987;; 14( (suppl) ):34-38.
25 +
Seymour JL, Keswick BH, Milligan MC, Jordan WP, Hanifin JM.  Clinical and microbial effects of cloth, cellulose core, and cellulose core/absorbent gel diapers in atopic dermatitis . Pediatrician . 1987;;14( (suppl) ):39-43.
26 +
Lavin A.  Super effective diaper can cause confusion . Pediatrics . 1986;;78:1173-1174.
27 +
Meyers A.  More problems with new pampers . Pediatrics . 1988;;81:329.
28 +
Hermansen MC.  Super diapers and premature infants . Pediatrics . 1987;;79:1056-1057.
29 +
Hermansen MC, Buches M.  Urine output determination from superabsorbent and regular diapers under radiant heat . Pediatrics . 1988;;81:428-431.
30 +
Rimsza ME, Chun JJ.  Vaginal discharge of 'beads' and the new diapers . Pediatrics . 1988;; 81:332-333.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Jordan WE, Lawson KD, Berg RW, Franxman JJ, Marrer AM.  Diaper dermatitis: frequency and severity among a general infant population . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;3:198-207.
2 +
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods . Ames, Iowa: The Iowa State University Press; 1980;.
3 +
Campbell RL, Seymour JL, Stone LC, Milligan MC.  Clinical studies with disposable diapers containing absorbent gelling materials: evaluation of effects on infant skin condition . J Am Acad Dermatol . 1987;;17:978-987.
4 +
Weston WL, Lane AT, Weston JA.  Diaper dermatitis: current concepts . Pediatrics . 1980;; 66:532-536.
5 +
Hayden GF.  Skin diseases encountered in a pediatric clinic . AJDC . 1985;;139:36-38.
6 +
Grant WW, Street L, Fearnow RG.  Diaper rashes in infancy . Clin Pediatr (Phila) . 1973;; 12:714-716.
7 +
Benjamin L.  Clinical correlates with diaper dermatitis . Pediatrician . 1987;;14( (suppl) ):21-26.
8 +
Leyden JJ, Katz S, Stewart R, Kligman AM.  Urinary ammonia and ammonia-producing microorganisms in infants with and without diaper dermatitis . Arch Dermatol . 1977;;113:1678-1680.
9 +
Leyden JJ.  Corn starch, Candida albicans, and diaper rash . Pediatr Dermatol . 1984;;1:322-325.
10 +
Zimmerer RE, Lawson KD, Calvert CJ.  The effects of wearing diapers on skin . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;3:95-101.
11 +
Aly R, Shirley C, Cunico B, Maibach HI.  Effect of prolonged occlusion on the microbial flora, pH, carbon dioxide and transepidermal water loss on human skin . JInvest Dermatol . 1978;;71:378-381.
12 +
Berg RW.  Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: a model for development of improved diapers . Pediatrician . 1987;;14( (suppl) ):27-33.
13 +
Berg RW, Buckingham KW, Stewart RL.  Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: the role of urine . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;3:102-106.
14 +
Buckingham KW, Berg RW.  Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: the role of feces . Pediatr Dermatol . 1986;;2:107-112.
15 +
Keswick BH, Seymour JL, Milligan MC.  Diaper area skin microflora of normal children and children with atopic dermatitis . J Clin Microbiol . 1987;;25:216-221.
16 +
Leyden JJ, Kligman AM.  The role of microorganisms in diaper dermatitis . Arch Dermatol . 1978;;114:56-59.
17 +
Seymour JL, Keswick BH, Hanifin JM, Jordan WP, Milligan MC.  Clinical effects of diaper types on the skin of normal infants and infants with atopic dermatitis . J Am Acad Dermatol . 1987;;17:988-997.
18 +
Dixon PN, Warin RP, English MP.  Role of Candida albicans infection in napkin rashes . Br Med J . 1969;;2:23-27.
19 +
Honig PJ, Gribetz B, Leyden JJ, McGinley KJ, Burke LA.  Amoxicillin and diaper dermatitis . J Am Acad Dermatol . 1988;;19:275-279.
20 +
Negi M, Tsuboi R, Matsui T, Ogawa H.  Isolation and characterization of proteinase from Candida albicans: substrate specificity . J Invest Dermatol . 1984;;83:32-36.
21 +
Maibach HI, Kligman AM.  The biology of experimental human cutaneous moniliasis (Candida albicans) . Arch Dermatol . 1962;;85:233-257.
22 +
Ray TL, Wuepper KD.  Activation of the alternative (properdin) pathway of complement by Candida albicans and related species . J Invest Dermatol . 1976;;67:700-703.
23 +
Campbell RL, Bartlett AV, Sarbaugh FC, Pickering LK.  Effects of diaper types on diaper dermatitis associated with diarrhea and antibiotic use in children in day-care centers . Pediatr Dermatol . 1988;;5:83-87.
24 +
Campbell RL.  Clinical tests with improved disposable diapers . Pediatrician . 1987;; 14( (suppl) ):34-38.
25 +
Seymour JL, Keswick BH, Milligan MC, Jordan WP, Hanifin JM.  Clinical and microbial effects of cloth, cellulose core, and cellulose core/absorbent gel diapers in atopic dermatitis . Pediatrician . 1987;;14( (suppl) ):39-43.
26 +
Lavin A.  Super effective diaper can cause confusion . Pediatrics . 1986;;78:1173-1174.
27 +
Meyers A.  More problems with new pampers . Pediatrics . 1988;;81:329.
28 +
Hermansen MC.  Super diapers and premature infants . Pediatrics . 1987;;79:1056-1057.
29 +
Hermansen MC, Buches M.  Urine output determination from superabsorbent and regular diapers under radiant heat . Pediatrics . 1988;;81:428-431.
30 +
Rimsza ME, Chun JJ.  Vaginal discharge of 'beads' and the new diapers . Pediatrics . 1988;; 81:332-333.

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