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November 1989, Vol 143, No. 11 >
Article | November 1989

Vaginal Opening Measurement in Prepubertal Girls FREE

Christopher W. Goff, MD; Kenneth R. Burke, MD; Christina Rickenback, RN, CPNP; Donald P. Buebendorf, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication March 25, 1989.

Reprint requests to Wildwood Pediatrics, Middlesex Turnpike, Essex, CT 06426 (Dr Goff).


Am J Dis Child. 1989;143(11):1366-1368. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1989.02150230124040.
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References
Comments

• Normative, age-indexed data regarding the size of the vaginal opening in prepubertal girls have not been previously reported, to our knowledge. Measurement of the apparent transverse diameter of the vaginal opening was done in 273 prepubertal girls as part of their routine health assessment. Vaginal opening diameter tended to enlarge with age and to be larger in the supine knee-chest position than in the supine frog-leg position. An opening greater than 4 mm was distinctly rare.

(AJDC. 1989;143:1366-1368)

REFERENCES

1 +
Cantwell H.  Vaginal inspection as it relates to child sexual abuse in girls under thirteen . Child Abuse Negl . 1983;;7:171-176.
2 +
Cantwell HB.  Update on vaginal inspection as it relates to child sexual abuse in girls under thirteen . Child Abuse Negl . 1987;;11:545-546.
3 +
Herman-Giddens ME, Frothingham TE.  Prepubertal female genitalia: examination for evidence of sexual abuse . Pediatrics . 1987;;80:203-207.
4 +
White ST, Ingram DL, Lyna PR.  Vaginal introital diameter: a diagnostic aid to child sexual abuse . AJDC . 1987;;141:369-370.
5 +
Huffman JW, Dewhurst CJ, Caprano VJ. The Gynecology of Childhood and Adolescence . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1981;:39.
6 +
Parsons L, Sommers S. Gynecology . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1978;:14.
7 +
Ladson S, Johnson CF, Doty RE.  Do physicians recognize sexual abuse? AJDC . 1987;;141:411-415.
8 +
Emans SJ, Woods ER, Flagg NT, Freeman A.  Genital findings in sexually abused, symptomatic and asymptomatic girls . Pediatrics . 1987;;79:778-785.
9 +
Berkowitz CD.  Sexual abuse of children and adolescents . Adv Pediatr . 1987;;34:275-312.
10 +
Seidel JS, Elvik SL, Berkowitz CD, Day C.  Presentation and evaluation of sexual misuse in the emergency department . Pediatr Emerg Care . 1986;;2:157-164.
11 +
Cowell C.  The gynecologic examination of infants, children, and young adolescents . Pediatr Clin North Am . 1981;;28:247-268.
12 +
Singleton AF.  Premenarchal gynecology: a guide for the general pediatrician. In: Mellinger JF , Stickler GB, eds. Critical Problems in Pediatrics . Philadelphia, Pa: JB Lippincott; 1983;:258-276.
13 +
Cantwell HB. Child Abuse Negl . 1988;;12:426-427. Reply letter.
14 +
Enos WF, Conrath TB, Byer JC.  Forensic evaluation of the sexually abused child . Pediatrics 1986;;78:385-398.
15 +
Hobbs CJ, Wynne JM.  Management of sexual abuse . Arch Dis Child . 1987;;62:1182-1187.
16 +
Emans SJ, Goldstein DP. Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology . Boston, Mass: Little Brown and Co Inc; 1977;:3.

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References

1 +
Cantwell H.  Vaginal inspection as it relates to child sexual abuse in girls under thirteen . Child Abuse Negl . 1983;;7:171-176.
2 +
Cantwell HB.  Update on vaginal inspection as it relates to child sexual abuse in girls under thirteen . Child Abuse Negl . 1987;;11:545-546.
3 +
Herman-Giddens ME, Frothingham TE.  Prepubertal female genitalia: examination for evidence of sexual abuse . Pediatrics . 1987;;80:203-207.
4 +
White ST, Ingram DL, Lyna PR.  Vaginal introital diameter: a diagnostic aid to child sexual abuse . AJDC . 1987;;141:369-370.
5 +
Huffman JW, Dewhurst CJ, Caprano VJ. The Gynecology of Childhood and Adolescence . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1981;:39.
6 +
Parsons L, Sommers S. Gynecology . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1978;:14.
7 +
Ladson S, Johnson CF, Doty RE.  Do physicians recognize sexual abuse? AJDC . 1987;;141:411-415.
8 +
Emans SJ, Woods ER, Flagg NT, Freeman A.  Genital findings in sexually abused, symptomatic and asymptomatic girls . Pediatrics . 1987;;79:778-785.
9 +
Berkowitz CD.  Sexual abuse of children and adolescents . Adv Pediatr . 1987;;34:275-312.
10 +
Seidel JS, Elvik SL, Berkowitz CD, Day C.  Presentation and evaluation of sexual misuse in the emergency department . Pediatr Emerg Care . 1986;;2:157-164.
11 +
Cowell C.  The gynecologic examination of infants, children, and young adolescents . Pediatr Clin North Am . 1981;;28:247-268.
12 +
Singleton AF.  Premenarchal gynecology: a guide for the general pediatrician. In: Mellinger JF , Stickler GB, eds. Critical Problems in Pediatrics . Philadelphia, Pa: JB Lippincott; 1983;:258-276.
13 +
Cantwell HB. Child Abuse Negl . 1988;;12:426-427. Reply letter.
14 +
Enos WF, Conrath TB, Byer JC.  Forensic evaluation of the sexually abused child . Pediatrics 1986;;78:385-398.
15 +
Hobbs CJ, Wynne JM.  Management of sexual abuse . Arch Dis Child . 1987;;62:1182-1187.
16 +
Emans SJ, Goldstein DP. Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology . Boston, Mass: Little Brown and Co Inc; 1977;:3.

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