Complex Congenital Heart Disease After In Vitro Fertilization

Sir.—Congenital heart disease is a rare complication in newborns conceived by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.^1-3 We describe a patient with a complex congenital heart disease born after this procedure. The mother was 28 years old and had had previous abortions that caused infertility. The blastocystic implantation was accomplished in Rome, at another institution. The newborn, a chromosomically normal female, was born at the 34th week of gestation following an uncomplicated pregnancy. Delivery was normal, and birth weight was 2300 g. Cyanosis was noted at birth, and cardiac catheterization revealed pulmonary atresia with a large ventricular septal defect. The pulmonary arteries were supplied by a ductus arteriosus, the aorta arose completely from the right ventricle surrounded by a muscular infundibulum, and a persistent left superior vena cava drained into the left atrium through an unroofed coronary sinus. The patient underwent a right Blalock-Taussig shunt as a neonate,