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International Adoption:  An Introduction for Physicians FREE

Margaret Hostetter, MD; Dana E. Johnson, MD, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication December 2, 1988.

Reprint requests to Box 211, University of Minnesota, Harvard Street at East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (Dr Johnson).


Am J Dis Child. 1989;143(3):325-332. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1989.02150150079022.
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Despite great progress in the medical treatment of infertility, approximately 1 million American couples are unable to bear children.1 The high rate of involuntary infertility, coupled with a decrease in the number of US-born infants available for adoption,2 has prompted a tremendous growth in the number of international adoptions. In the past 10 years the number of children adopted from abroad has almost doubled3 and the number of American agencies handling international adoptions has almost tripled.4 This trend has reached the point where it is rare for a primary care physician not to be following up at least one international adoptee. However, the number of children is yet insufficient for most physicians to have had extensive exposure to either the process of international adoption or the variety of medical problems that may afflict these children.

The purpose of this article is to provide an orientation to

REFERENCES

Mosher WD. Infertility:  Why business is booming . Am Demographics . 1987;;9:42-43.
Kaunitz AM, Grimes DA, Kaunitz KK.  A physician's guide to adoption . JAMA . 1987;;258:3537-3541.
Immigrant Orphans Admitted to the United States by Country of Origin or Region of Birth 1978-1987 . Washington, DC: US Dept of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service.
Smith LM.  Babies from abroad . Am Demographics. 1988;;10:38-56.
Addendum to Guidelines for Medical Examination of Aliens in the United States, June 1985 and Supplement, February 1987: Instructions for Substituting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection for AIDS as an Excludable Health Condition and Incorporating Serologic Testing for HIV in the Medical Examination of Aliens . Washington, DC: US Dept of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service, (November 18) , 1987;.
Jenista JA, Chapman D.  Medical problems of foreign-born adopted children . AJDC . 1987;; 141:298-302.
Hostetter MK, Iverson S, Dole K, Johnson DE. Unsuspected infectious diseases and other medical diagnoses in the evaluation of internationally adopted children. Pediatrics. In press.
Hershow RC, Hadler SC, Kane MA.  Adoption of children from countries with endemic hepatitis B: transmission risks and medical issues . Pediatr Infect Dis J . 1987;;6:431-437.
Pickering LK, Woodward WE, DuPont HL, Sullivan P:  Occurrence of Giardia lamblia in children in day care centers . J Pediatr . 1984;;104:522-526.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases . Elk Grove, Ill: American Academy of Pediatrics; 1986;:377.
Lifschitz M.  The value of the tuberculin skin test as a screening test for tuberculosis among BCG-vaccinated children . Pediatrics . 1965;;36:624-627.
Overall JC Jr.  Viral infections of the fetus and neonate . In: Feigin RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1986;:977-981.
Stagno S, Pass RF, Dworsky ME, et al.  Congenital cytomegalovirus infections: the relative importance of primary and recurrent maternal infection . N Engl J Med . 1982;;306:945-949.
Hanshaw JB.  Cytomegalovirus infections . In: Feigin RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co;1986;:1558-1566.
Pomeroy C, Englund JA.  Cytomegalovirus: epidemiology and infection control . Am J Infect Control . 1987;;15:107-119.
Mann JM, ChinJ, PiotP, Quinn T.  The international epidemiology of AIDS . Sci Am . 1988;;259:82-89.
 Multicenter trial of cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity: preliminary results . Pediatrics . 1988;;81:697-706.
Morizon CM, Fairbanks VF, Burgert EO Jr, Sutherland JE, Elliott SC.  Hematologic genetic disorders among Southeast Asian refugees . Am J Hematol . 1985;;19:27-36.
Blackman JA, Appel BR.  Epidemiologic and legal considerations in the exclusion of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cytomegalovirus, or herpes simplex virus infection from group day care . Pediatr Infect Dis J . 1987;;6:1011-1015.
Adler SP.  Molecular epidemiology of cytomegalovirus: viral transmission among children attending a day care center, their parents, and care-takers . J Pediatr . 1988;;112:366-372.
Murph JR, Bale JF Jr.  Natural history of acquired cytomegalovirus infection among children in group day care . AJDC . 1988;;142:843-846.
Wisell TE, Smith FR, Bass JW.  Decreased incidence of urinary tract infections in circumcised male infants . Pediatrics . 1985;;75:901-903.

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Interactive Graphics

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

Mosher WD. Infertility:  Why business is booming . Am Demographics . 1987;;9:42-43.
Kaunitz AM, Grimes DA, Kaunitz KK.  A physician's guide to adoption . JAMA . 1987;;258:3537-3541.
Immigrant Orphans Admitted to the United States by Country of Origin or Region of Birth 1978-1987 . Washington, DC: US Dept of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service.
Smith LM.  Babies from abroad . Am Demographics. 1988;;10:38-56.
Addendum to Guidelines for Medical Examination of Aliens in the United States, June 1985 and Supplement, February 1987: Instructions for Substituting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection for AIDS as an Excludable Health Condition and Incorporating Serologic Testing for HIV in the Medical Examination of Aliens . Washington, DC: US Dept of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service, (November 18) , 1987;.
Jenista JA, Chapman D.  Medical problems of foreign-born adopted children . AJDC . 1987;; 141:298-302.
Hostetter MK, Iverson S, Dole K, Johnson DE. Unsuspected infectious diseases and other medical diagnoses in the evaluation of internationally adopted children. Pediatrics. In press.
Hershow RC, Hadler SC, Kane MA.  Adoption of children from countries with endemic hepatitis B: transmission risks and medical issues . Pediatr Infect Dis J . 1987;;6:431-437.
Pickering LK, Woodward WE, DuPont HL, Sullivan P:  Occurrence of Giardia lamblia in children in day care centers . J Pediatr . 1984;;104:522-526.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases . Elk Grove, Ill: American Academy of Pediatrics; 1986;:377.
Lifschitz M.  The value of the tuberculin skin test as a screening test for tuberculosis among BCG-vaccinated children . Pediatrics . 1965;;36:624-627.
Overall JC Jr.  Viral infections of the fetus and neonate . In: Feigin RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1986;:977-981.
Stagno S, Pass RF, Dworsky ME, et al.  Congenital cytomegalovirus infections: the relative importance of primary and recurrent maternal infection . N Engl J Med . 1982;;306:945-949.
Hanshaw JB.  Cytomegalovirus infections . In: Feigin RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co;1986;:1558-1566.
Pomeroy C, Englund JA.  Cytomegalovirus: epidemiology and infection control . Am J Infect Control . 1987;;15:107-119.
Mann JM, ChinJ, PiotP, Quinn T.  The international epidemiology of AIDS . Sci Am . 1988;;259:82-89.
 Multicenter trial of cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity: preliminary results . Pediatrics . 1988;;81:697-706.
Morizon CM, Fairbanks VF, Burgert EO Jr, Sutherland JE, Elliott SC.  Hematologic genetic disorders among Southeast Asian refugees . Am J Hematol . 1985;;19:27-36.
Blackman JA, Appel BR.  Epidemiologic and legal considerations in the exclusion of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cytomegalovirus, or herpes simplex virus infection from group day care . Pediatr Infect Dis J . 1987;;6:1011-1015.
Adler SP.  Molecular epidemiology of cytomegalovirus: viral transmission among children attending a day care center, their parents, and care-takers . J Pediatr . 1988;;112:366-372.
Murph JR, Bale JF Jr.  Natural history of acquired cytomegalovirus infection among children in group day care . AJDC . 1988;;142:843-846.
Wisell TE, Smith FR, Bass JW.  Decreased incidence of urinary tract infections in circumcised male infants . Pediatrics . 1985;;75:901-903.

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