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February 1989, Vol 143, No. 2 >
Article | February 1989

Infections and Sickle Cell Disease in Eastern Saudi Arabian Children FREE

Mohamed I. El Mouzan, MD; Baker H. Al Awamy, MD; Gamil Absood, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Oct 4, 1988.

Reprint requests to King Fahd Hospital of the University, PO Box 40026, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia (Dr El Mouzan).


Am J Dis Child. 1989;143(2):205-207. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1989.02150140099028.
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• The rate and pattern of infections in 144 Saudi Arabian children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and matched normal control subjects are reported. All diagnoses of SCD were made at birth by means of screening blood from the umbilical cord. The children were prospectively followed up from birth to 4 years of age. Severe bacterial infections occurred in none of the children with SCD; one of the control children developed pneumococcal meningitis. Acute gastroenteritis was significantly more common among patients with SCD. For the first year of life, patients with SCD had significantly more infections than did the control children; but the reverse was true in the group that was 37 to 48 months of age. Considering all types of infections for all age groups, no difference was noted between patients with SCD and control subjects in terms of infection rate or related hospital admission. There were no deaths caused by infection in this series. We conclude that Saudi Arabian infants and young children of oasis origin with SCD are not at increased risk of infections compared with healthy children of the same age.

(AJDC 1989;143:205-207)

REFERENCES

1 +
Barrett-Conner E:  Bacterial infection and sickle cell anemia . Medicine 1971;;50:96-112.
2 +
Overturf GD, Powers D, Baraff LJ:  Bacterial meningitis and septicemia in sickle cell disease . AJDC 1977;;131:784-787.
3 +
Pearson HA:  Sickle cell anemia and severe infections due to encapsulated bacteria . J Infect Dis 1977;;136:S25-S30.
4 +
Kabins SA, Lerner C:  Fulminant pneumococcemia and sickle cell anemia . JAMA 1970;;211: 467-471.
5 +
Rosse WF:  Infections in sickle cell disease , in Walter Fried (ed): Comparative Aspects of Sickle Cell Disease . Amsterdam, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1982;, pp 63-71.
6 +
Perrine RP, Brown MJ, Clegg GB, et al:  Benign sickle cell anemia . Lancet 1972;;2:1163-1167.
7 +
Perrine RP, Pembrey ME, John P, et al:  Natural history of sickle cell anemia in Saudi Arabs: A study of 270 subjects . Ann Intern Med 1978;;88:1-6.
8 +
Perrine RP, John P, Pembrey ME, et al:  Sickle cell disease in Saudi Arabia in early childhood . Arch Dis Child 1981;;56:187-192.
9 +
Babiker MA, Taha SA:  Two different patterns of sickle cell disease in children in Saudi Arabia . Ann Trop Paediatr 1982;;2:179-181.
10 +
Acquaye JK, Omer A, Ganeshaguru K, et al:  Non-benign sickle cell disease in western Saudi Arabia . Br J Haematol 1985;;60:99-108.
11 +
Al Awamy BH, El Mouzan MI, Al Torki M, et al:  Neonatal screening for sickle cell disease in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia . Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1984;;78:792-794.
12 +
Al Awamy BH, El Mouzan MI, Al Torki M, et al:  Newborn screening for sickle cell hemoglobinopathy and other erythrocyte inherited disorders in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia . Saudi Med J 1986;;7:502-509.
13 +
Pearson HA, Spencer RP, Cornelius EA:  Functional asplenia in sickle cell anemia . N Engl J Med 1969;;281:923-925.
14 +
Johnstone RB, Newman SL, Struth AG:  An abnormality of the alternate pathway of complement activation in sickle cell disease . N Engl J Med 1973;;288:803-808.
15 +
Bjorson AB, Gaston MH, Zellner CL:  Decreased opsonization for Streptococcus pneumoniae in sickle cell disease: Studies on selected complement components and immunoglobulins . J Pediatr 1977;;91:371-378.
16 +
Al Awamy BH, Wilson WA, Pearson HA:  Splenic function in sickle cell disease in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia . J Pediatr 1984;;104: 714-717.
17 +
Powars DR:  Natural history of sickle cell disease: The first ten years . Semin Hematol 1975;;12:267-285.
18 +
Rogers DW, Clarke JM, Cupidore L, et al:  Early death in Jamaican children with sickle cell disease . Br Med J 1978;;1:1515-1516.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Barrett-Conner E:  Bacterial infection and sickle cell anemia . Medicine 1971;;50:96-112.
2 +
Overturf GD, Powers D, Baraff LJ:  Bacterial meningitis and septicemia in sickle cell disease . AJDC 1977;;131:784-787.
3 +
Pearson HA:  Sickle cell anemia and severe infections due to encapsulated bacteria . J Infect Dis 1977;;136:S25-S30.
4 +
Kabins SA, Lerner C:  Fulminant pneumococcemia and sickle cell anemia . JAMA 1970;;211: 467-471.
5 +
Rosse WF:  Infections in sickle cell disease , in Walter Fried (ed): Comparative Aspects of Sickle Cell Disease . Amsterdam, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1982;, pp 63-71.
6 +
Perrine RP, Brown MJ, Clegg GB, et al:  Benign sickle cell anemia . Lancet 1972;;2:1163-1167.
7 +
Perrine RP, Pembrey ME, John P, et al:  Natural history of sickle cell anemia in Saudi Arabs: A study of 270 subjects . Ann Intern Med 1978;;88:1-6.
8 +
Perrine RP, John P, Pembrey ME, et al:  Sickle cell disease in Saudi Arabia in early childhood . Arch Dis Child 1981;;56:187-192.
9 +
Babiker MA, Taha SA:  Two different patterns of sickle cell disease in children in Saudi Arabia . Ann Trop Paediatr 1982;;2:179-181.
10 +
Acquaye JK, Omer A, Ganeshaguru K, et al:  Non-benign sickle cell disease in western Saudi Arabia . Br J Haematol 1985;;60:99-108.
11 +
Al Awamy BH, El Mouzan MI, Al Torki M, et al:  Neonatal screening for sickle cell disease in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia . Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1984;;78:792-794.
12 +
Al Awamy BH, El Mouzan MI, Al Torki M, et al:  Newborn screening for sickle cell hemoglobinopathy and other erythrocyte inherited disorders in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia . Saudi Med J 1986;;7:502-509.
13 +
Pearson HA, Spencer RP, Cornelius EA:  Functional asplenia in sickle cell anemia . N Engl J Med 1969;;281:923-925.
14 +
Johnstone RB, Newman SL, Struth AG:  An abnormality of the alternate pathway of complement activation in sickle cell disease . N Engl J Med 1973;;288:803-808.
15 +
Bjorson AB, Gaston MH, Zellner CL:  Decreased opsonization for Streptococcus pneumoniae in sickle cell disease: Studies on selected complement components and immunoglobulins . J Pediatr 1977;;91:371-378.
16 +
Al Awamy BH, Wilson WA, Pearson HA:  Splenic function in sickle cell disease in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia . J Pediatr 1984;;104: 714-717.
17 +
Powars DR:  Natural history of sickle cell disease: The first ten years . Semin Hematol 1975;;12:267-285.
18 +
Rogers DW, Clarke JM, Cupidore L, et al:  Early death in Jamaican children with sickle cell disease . Br Med J 1978;;1:1515-1516.

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