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February 1988, Vol 142, No. 2 >
Article | February 1988

Tolerance of Fat Emulsions in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Neonates FREE

Yves W. Brans, MD; Donna S. Andrew, MS; Donna W. Carrillo, BSN, MPH; Elisabeth P. Dutton, BSN; Elizabeth M. Menchaca; Belén A. Puleo-Scheppke, MPH
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Sept 29, 1987.

Reprints not available.


Am J Dis Child. 1988;142(2):145-152. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1988.02150020047024.
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References
Comments

• Fluid and energy intakes and plasma concentrations of various lipid fractions were studied in 45 newborn infants, weighing between 820 and 1550 g, randomly assigned to one of three regimens for infusion of a fat emulsion: group 1, stepwise increase in daily dosage (1 to 4 g/kg) at a steady rate over 24 hours; group 2, stepwise increase in daily dosage (1 to 4 g/kg) at a steady rate over 16 hours, followed by a rest period of eight hours; and group 3, full dosage (4 g/kg) at a steady rate over 24 hours. At a given daily rate of infusion, mean plasma concentrations of the various lipid fractions tended to be higher in group 2 than in either group 1 or group 3. Plasma lipid concentrations correlated best with the hourly rate of lipid infusion, regardless of whether the infusion was continuous over 24 hours or intermittent.

(AJDC 1988;142:145-152)

REFERENCES

1 +
Benda GJM, Babson SG:  Peripheral intravenous alimentation of the small premature infant . J Pediatr 1971;;79:494-498.
2 +
Brans YW:  Parenteral nutrition of the very-low-birth-weight neonate: A critical view . Clin Perinatol 1977;;4:367-376.
3 +
American Academy of Pediatrics:  Use of intravenous fat emulsions in pediatric patients . Pediatrics 1981;;68:738-743.
4 +
Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, Olegärd R, et al:  Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants: I. Intravenous injection of fat emulsions . Acta Paediatr Scand 1972;;61:149-158.
5 +
Olegärd R, Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, et al:  Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants: III. Lipolysis and free fatty acid elimination after intravenous administration of fat emulsion . Acta Paediatr Scand 1975;;64:745-751.
6 +
Andrew G, Chan G, Schiff D:  Lipid metabolism in the neonate: I. The effect of Intralipid infusion on plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations in the neonate . J Pediatr 1976;;88:273-278.
7 +
Reid WD, Robinson H:  Atherosclerosis and childhood: Metabolic response to Intralipid infusions in the neonatal period . Adv Exp Med Biol 1977;;82:201-203.
8 +
Griffin E, Breckenridge WC, Kuksis A:  Appearance and characterization of lipoprotein X during continuous Intralipid infusions in the neonate . J Clin Invest 1979;;64:1703-1712.
9 +
Sun SC, Ventura C, Verasestakul S:  Effect of Intralipid-induced lipemia on the arterial oxygen tension in preterm infants . Resuscitation 1978;;6:265-270.
10 +
Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, Olegärd R, et al:  Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants: II. Repeated intravenous injections of fat emulsions . Acta Paediatr Scand 1974;;63:177-182.
11 +
Pereira GR, Fox WW, Stanley CA, et al:  Decreased oxygenation and hyperlipemia during intravenous fat infusions in premature infants . Pediatrics 1980;;66:26-30.
12 +
Hilliard JL, Shannon DL, Hunter MA, et al:  Plasma lipid levels in preterm neonates receiving parenteral fat emulsions . Arch Dis Child 1983;;58:29-33.
13 +
Brans YW:  Erratum: Values for plasma glycerol, FFA and triglycerides . J Pediatr 1984;;105:855.
14 +
Kao LC, Cheng MH, Warburton D:  Triglycerides, free fatty acids, free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio, and cholesterol levels in serum of neonates receiving long-term lipid infusions: Controlled trial of continuous vs intermittent regimens . J Pediatr 1984;;104:429-435.
15 +
Cooke RJ, Burckhart GJ:  Hypertriglyceridemia during the intravenous infusion of a safflower oil-based fat emulsion . J Pediatr 1983;;103:959-961.
16 +
Andrew G, Chan G, Schiff D:  Lipid metabolism in the neonate: II. The effect of Intralipid on bilirubin binding in vitro and in vivo . J Pediatr 1976;;88:279-284.
17 +
Friedman Z, Marks KH, Maisels MJ, et al:  Effect of parenteral fat emulsions on the pulmonary and reticuloendothelial systems in the new-born infant . Pediatrics 1978;;61:694-698.
18 +
Levene MJ, Wigglesworth JS, Desai R:  Pulmonary fat accumulation after Intralipid infusion in the preterm infant . Lancet 1980;;2:815-819.
19 +
Dubowitz LMS, Dubowitz V, Goldberg C:  Clinical assessment of gestational age in the newborn infant . J Pediatr 1970;;77:1-10.
20 +
Freeman MG, Graves WL, Thompson RL:  Indigent negro and caucasian birth weight-gestational age tables . Pediatrics 1970;;46:9-15.
21 +
Brans YW, Dutton EB, Andrew DS, et al:  Tolerance of fat emulsions in very-low-birth-weight neonates: Effect on diffusion of oxygen in the lungs and on blood pH . Pediatrics 1986;;78:79-84.
22 +
Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan GSG, et al:  Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol . Clin Chem 1974;;20:470-475.
23 +
Anderson TL, Muttart CR, Bieber MA, et al:  A controlled trial of glucose vs glucose and amino acids in premature infants . J Pediatr 1979;;94:947-951.
24 +
Zlotkin SH, Bryan MH, Anderson GH:  Intravenous nitrogen and energy intakes required to duplicate in utero nitrogen accretion in prematurely born human infants . J Pediatr 1981;;99:115-120.
25 +
Driscoll JM, Heird WC, Schullinger JN, et al:  Total intravenous alimentation in low-birth-weight infants: A preliminary report . J Pediatr 1972;;81:145-153.
26 +
Peden VH, Karpel JT:  Total parenteral nutrition in premature infants . J Pediatr 1972;;81:137-144.
27 +
Heird WC, Driscoll JM, Winters RW:  Total parenteral nutrition in infants of very low birth weight , in Elliott K, Knight J (eds): Size at Birth . Amsterdam, Associated Scientific Publishers, 1974;, pp 329-351.
28 +
Brans YW, Sumners JE, Dweck HS, et al:  Feeding the low-birth-weight infant: Orally or parenterally? Preliminary result of a comparative study . Pediatrics 1974;;54:15-22.
29 +
Brans YW, Sumners JE, Dweck HS, et al:  Feeding the low-birth-weight infant: Orally or parenterally? II. Corrected bromide space in parenterally supplemented infants . Pediatrics 1976;;58:809-815.
30 +
Paust H, Schroder H, Park W, et al:  Fat elimination in parenterally fed low-birth-weight infants during the first two weeks life . JPEN 1983;;7:557-559.
31 +
Dhanireddy R, Hamosh M, Sivasubramanian KN, et al:  Postheparin lipolytic activity and Intralipid clearance in very-low-birth-weight infants . J Pediatr 1981;;98:617-622.

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References

1 +
Benda GJM, Babson SG:  Peripheral intravenous alimentation of the small premature infant . J Pediatr 1971;;79:494-498.
2 +
Brans YW:  Parenteral nutrition of the very-low-birth-weight neonate: A critical view . Clin Perinatol 1977;;4:367-376.
3 +
American Academy of Pediatrics:  Use of intravenous fat emulsions in pediatric patients . Pediatrics 1981;;68:738-743.
4 +
Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, Olegärd R, et al:  Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants: I. Intravenous injection of fat emulsions . Acta Paediatr Scand 1972;;61:149-158.
5 +
Olegärd R, Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, et al:  Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants: III. Lipolysis and free fatty acid elimination after intravenous administration of fat emulsion . Acta Paediatr Scand 1975;;64:745-751.
6 +
Andrew G, Chan G, Schiff D:  Lipid metabolism in the neonate: I. The effect of Intralipid infusion on plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations in the neonate . J Pediatr 1976;;88:273-278.
7 +
Reid WD, Robinson H:  Atherosclerosis and childhood: Metabolic response to Intralipid infusions in the neonatal period . Adv Exp Med Biol 1977;;82:201-203.
8 +
Griffin E, Breckenridge WC, Kuksis A:  Appearance and characterization of lipoprotein X during continuous Intralipid infusions in the neonate . J Clin Invest 1979;;64:1703-1712.
9 +
Sun SC, Ventura C, Verasestakul S:  Effect of Intralipid-induced lipemia on the arterial oxygen tension in preterm infants . Resuscitation 1978;;6:265-270.
10 +
Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, Olegärd R, et al:  Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants: II. Repeated intravenous injections of fat emulsions . Acta Paediatr Scand 1974;;63:177-182.
11 +
Pereira GR, Fox WW, Stanley CA, et al:  Decreased oxygenation and hyperlipemia during intravenous fat infusions in premature infants . Pediatrics 1980;;66:26-30.
12 +
Hilliard JL, Shannon DL, Hunter MA, et al:  Plasma lipid levels in preterm neonates receiving parenteral fat emulsions . Arch Dis Child 1983;;58:29-33.
13 +
Brans YW:  Erratum: Values for plasma glycerol, FFA and triglycerides . J Pediatr 1984;;105:855.
14 +
Kao LC, Cheng MH, Warburton D:  Triglycerides, free fatty acids, free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio, and cholesterol levels in serum of neonates receiving long-term lipid infusions: Controlled trial of continuous vs intermittent regimens . J Pediatr 1984;;104:429-435.
15 +
Cooke RJ, Burckhart GJ:  Hypertriglyceridemia during the intravenous infusion of a safflower oil-based fat emulsion . J Pediatr 1983;;103:959-961.
16 +
Andrew G, Chan G, Schiff D:  Lipid metabolism in the neonate: II. The effect of Intralipid on bilirubin binding in vitro and in vivo . J Pediatr 1976;;88:279-284.
17 +
Friedman Z, Marks KH, Maisels MJ, et al:  Effect of parenteral fat emulsions on the pulmonary and reticuloendothelial systems in the new-born infant . Pediatrics 1978;;61:694-698.
18 +
Levene MJ, Wigglesworth JS, Desai R:  Pulmonary fat accumulation after Intralipid infusion in the preterm infant . Lancet 1980;;2:815-819.
19 +
Dubowitz LMS, Dubowitz V, Goldberg C:  Clinical assessment of gestational age in the newborn infant . J Pediatr 1970;;77:1-10.
20 +
Freeman MG, Graves WL, Thompson RL:  Indigent negro and caucasian birth weight-gestational age tables . Pediatrics 1970;;46:9-15.
21 +
Brans YW, Dutton EB, Andrew DS, et al:  Tolerance of fat emulsions in very-low-birth-weight neonates: Effect on diffusion of oxygen in the lungs and on blood pH . Pediatrics 1986;;78:79-84.
22 +
Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan GSG, et al:  Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol . Clin Chem 1974;;20:470-475.
23 +
Anderson TL, Muttart CR, Bieber MA, et al:  A controlled trial of glucose vs glucose and amino acids in premature infants . J Pediatr 1979;;94:947-951.
24 +
Zlotkin SH, Bryan MH, Anderson GH:  Intravenous nitrogen and energy intakes required to duplicate in utero nitrogen accretion in prematurely born human infants . J Pediatr 1981;;99:115-120.
25 +
Driscoll JM, Heird WC, Schullinger JN, et al:  Total intravenous alimentation in low-birth-weight infants: A preliminary report . J Pediatr 1972;;81:145-153.
26 +
Peden VH, Karpel JT:  Total parenteral nutrition in premature infants . J Pediatr 1972;;81:137-144.
27 +
Heird WC, Driscoll JM, Winters RW:  Total parenteral nutrition in infants of very low birth weight , in Elliott K, Knight J (eds): Size at Birth . Amsterdam, Associated Scientific Publishers, 1974;, pp 329-351.
28 +
Brans YW, Sumners JE, Dweck HS, et al:  Feeding the low-birth-weight infant: Orally or parenterally? Preliminary result of a comparative study . Pediatrics 1974;;54:15-22.
29 +
Brans YW, Sumners JE, Dweck HS, et al:  Feeding the low-birth-weight infant: Orally or parenterally? II. Corrected bromide space in parenterally supplemented infants . Pediatrics 1976;;58:809-815.
30 +
Paust H, Schroder H, Park W, et al:  Fat elimination in parenterally fed low-birth-weight infants during the first two weeks life . JPEN 1983;;7:557-559.
31 +
Dhanireddy R, Hamosh M, Sivasubramanian KN, et al:  Postheparin lipolytic activity and Intralipid clearance in very-low-birth-weight infants . J Pediatr 1981;;98:617-622.

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