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December 1987, Vol 141, No. 12 >
Article | December 1987

Long-term Surveillance of High-Risk Children FREE

James A. Blackman, MD, MPH; Scott D. Lindgren, PhD; Herman A. Hein, MD; Dennis C. Harper, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Aug 10, 1987.

Reprint requests to 213 University Hospital School, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 (Dr Blackman).


Am J Dis Child. 1987;141(12):1293-1299. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1987.04460120055034.
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• We followed a group of high-risk children, both those who passed early developmental screenings and those who did not. Three hundred sixty-two children who had previously passed screenings were evaluated at 5 years of age. Significant differences were found between this group and a comparison group in mean scores on verbal, perceptuomotor, and preacademic tests. Children who had previously failed screenings at or before 30 months of age were followed up through telephone interviews with referral agencies and records review. Ninety percent proved to have significant problems, and 67% were in special education programs at 5 years of age. This study demonstrates the need for long-term follow-up of high-risk children at least to the age of school entry.

(AJDC 1987;141:1293-1299)

REFERENCES

1 +
American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Guidelines for Perinatal Care . Elk Grove Village, Ill, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1983;, p 99.
2 +
Bennett FC:  Neurodevelopmental outcome of low birth weight infants , in Kellby VC (ed): Practice of Pediatrics . New York, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1984;, vol 2, chapt 28.
3 +
Field TM, Sostek A (eds): Infants Born at Risk: Physiological, Perceptual and Cognitive Processes . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1983;.
4 +
Drillien CM, Thomson AJM, Burgoyne K:  Low-birth weight children at early school age: A longitudinal study . Dev Med Child Neurol 1980;; 22:26-47.
5 +
Wright FH, Blough RR, Chamberlin A, et al:  A controlled follow-up study of small prematures born from 1952 through 1956 . AJDC 1972;;124:506-521.
6 +
Dargassies SS:  Long-term follow-up study of 286 truly premature infants: I. Neurological sequelae . Dev Med Child Neurol 1977;;19:462-478.
7 +
Kitchen WH, Rickards A, Ryan MM, et al:  A longitudinal study of very low-birth-weight infants: II. Results of controlled trial of intensive care and incidence of handicaps . Dev Med Child Neurol 1979;;21:582-589.
8 +
Steiner ES, Sanders EM, Phillips ECK, et al:  Very low birth weight children at school age: Comparison of neonatal management methods . Br Med J 1980;;281:1237-1240.
9 +
Broman S:  The collaborative perinatal project: An overview , in Mednick SA, Harway M, Finello KM (eds): Handbook of Longitudinal Research . New York, Praeger Publishers, 1984;, vol 2, pp 185-215.
10 +
Siegel LS:  Reproductive, perinatal, and environmental variables as predictors of development of preterm (<1501 grams) and full term children at 5 years . Semin Perinatol 1982;;6: 274-279.
11 +
Klein N, Hack M, Gallagher J, et al:  Preschool performance of children with normal intelligence who were low-birth-weight infants . Pediatrics 1985;;75:531-537.
12 +
Sell EJ, Gaines JA, Gluckman C, et al:  Early identification of learning problems in neonatal intensive care graduates . AJDC 1985;;139: 460-463.
13 +
Vohr BR, Coll CTG:  Neurodevelopmental and school performance of very low-birth-weight infants: A seven year longitudinal study . Pediatrics 1985;;76:345-350.
14 +
Sameroff AJ:  Environmental context of child development . J Pediatr 1986;;109:192-200.
15 +
Sameroff A, Chandler M:  Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casualty , in Horowitz FD, Hetherington M, Scarr-Salapatek S, et al (eds): Review of Child Development Research . Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1975;, vol 4, pp 187-244.
16 +
Escalona SK:  Babies at double hazard: Early development of infants at biologic and social risk . Pediatrics 1982;;70:670-676.
17 +
Hein HA:  Evaluation of a rural perinatal care system . Pediatrics 1980;;66:540-546.
18 +
Frankenburg WK, Goldstein AD, Camp BW:  The revised Denver Developmental Screening Test: Its accuracy as a screening instrument . J Pediatr 1971;;79:988-995.
19 +
Blackman JA, Hein HA:  Iowa's system for screening and tracking high-risk infants . AJDC 1985;;139:826-831.
20 +
Achenbach TM, Edelbrock C: Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile . Burlington, Vt, University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, 1983;.
21 +
Sines JO: The Home Environment Questionnaire . Iowa City, Psychological Assessment and Services, 1983;.
22 +
Harper DC, Wacker DP:  The efficiency of the Denver Developmental Screening Test with rural disadvantaged children . J Pediatr Psychol 1983;;8:273-283.
23 +
Borowitz KC, Glascoe FP:  Sensitivity of the Denver Developmental Screening Test in speech and language screening . Pediatrics 1986;; 78:1075-1078.
24 +
Levine MD, Brooks R, Shonkoff J: A Pediatric Approach to Learning Disorders . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1980;.
25 +
Kleinbaum DG, Kupper LL: Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariate Methods . Boston, Duxbury Press, 1978;.
26 +
Kaplan E, Goodglass H, Weintraub S: Boston Naming Test . Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1983;.
27 +
DeRenzi E, Faglioni P:  Normative data and screening power of a shortened version of the Token Test . Cortex 1978;;14:41-49.
28 +
Wechsler D: Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence . New York, Psychological Corp, 1967;.
29 +
Kirk SA, McCarthy JJ, Kirk WD: Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability . Champaign, Ill, University of Illinois, 1968;.
30 +
Hiskey MS: Hiskey-Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude . Lincoln, Ne, University of Nebraska, 1966;.
31 +
Beery KE: Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration . Cleveland, Modern Curriculum Press, 1983;.
32 +
Satz P, Fletcher J: Florida Kindergarten Screening Battery . Odessa, Fla, Psychological Assessment Resources Inc, 1982;.
33 +
Milner B:  Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man . Br Med Bull 1971;;27:272-277.
34 +
Brigance A: Brigance Diagnostic Inventory of Basic Skills . Woburn, Mass, Curriculum Associates Inc, 1977;.
35 +
Fox B, Routh DK:  Analyzing spoken language into words, syllables, and phonemes: A developmental study . J Psycholinguist Res 1975;; 4:331-342.
36 +
McCarthy D: McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities . New York, Psychological Corp, 1972;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Guidelines for Perinatal Care . Elk Grove Village, Ill, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1983;, p 99.
2 +
Bennett FC:  Neurodevelopmental outcome of low birth weight infants , in Kellby VC (ed): Practice of Pediatrics . New York, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1984;, vol 2, chapt 28.
3 +
Field TM, Sostek A (eds): Infants Born at Risk: Physiological, Perceptual and Cognitive Processes . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1983;.
4 +
Drillien CM, Thomson AJM, Burgoyne K:  Low-birth weight children at early school age: A longitudinal study . Dev Med Child Neurol 1980;; 22:26-47.
5 +
Wright FH, Blough RR, Chamberlin A, et al:  A controlled follow-up study of small prematures born from 1952 through 1956 . AJDC 1972;;124:506-521.
6 +
Dargassies SS:  Long-term follow-up study of 286 truly premature infants: I. Neurological sequelae . Dev Med Child Neurol 1977;;19:462-478.
7 +
Kitchen WH, Rickards A, Ryan MM, et al:  A longitudinal study of very low-birth-weight infants: II. Results of controlled trial of intensive care and incidence of handicaps . Dev Med Child Neurol 1979;;21:582-589.
8 +
Steiner ES, Sanders EM, Phillips ECK, et al:  Very low birth weight children at school age: Comparison of neonatal management methods . Br Med J 1980;;281:1237-1240.
9 +
Broman S:  The collaborative perinatal project: An overview , in Mednick SA, Harway M, Finello KM (eds): Handbook of Longitudinal Research . New York, Praeger Publishers, 1984;, vol 2, pp 185-215.
10 +
Siegel LS:  Reproductive, perinatal, and environmental variables as predictors of development of preterm (<1501 grams) and full term children at 5 years . Semin Perinatol 1982;;6: 274-279.
11 +
Klein N, Hack M, Gallagher J, et al:  Preschool performance of children with normal intelligence who were low-birth-weight infants . Pediatrics 1985;;75:531-537.
12 +
Sell EJ, Gaines JA, Gluckman C, et al:  Early identification of learning problems in neonatal intensive care graduates . AJDC 1985;;139: 460-463.
13 +
Vohr BR, Coll CTG:  Neurodevelopmental and school performance of very low-birth-weight infants: A seven year longitudinal study . Pediatrics 1985;;76:345-350.
14 +
Sameroff AJ:  Environmental context of child development . J Pediatr 1986;;109:192-200.
15 +
Sameroff A, Chandler M:  Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casualty , in Horowitz FD, Hetherington M, Scarr-Salapatek S, et al (eds): Review of Child Development Research . Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1975;, vol 4, pp 187-244.
16 +
Escalona SK:  Babies at double hazard: Early development of infants at biologic and social risk . Pediatrics 1982;;70:670-676.
17 +
Hein HA:  Evaluation of a rural perinatal care system . Pediatrics 1980;;66:540-546.
18 +
Frankenburg WK, Goldstein AD, Camp BW:  The revised Denver Developmental Screening Test: Its accuracy as a screening instrument . J Pediatr 1971;;79:988-995.
19 +
Blackman JA, Hein HA:  Iowa's system for screening and tracking high-risk infants . AJDC 1985;;139:826-831.
20 +
Achenbach TM, Edelbrock C: Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile . Burlington, Vt, University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, 1983;.
21 +
Sines JO: The Home Environment Questionnaire . Iowa City, Psychological Assessment and Services, 1983;.
22 +
Harper DC, Wacker DP:  The efficiency of the Denver Developmental Screening Test with rural disadvantaged children . J Pediatr Psychol 1983;;8:273-283.
23 +
Borowitz KC, Glascoe FP:  Sensitivity of the Denver Developmental Screening Test in speech and language screening . Pediatrics 1986;; 78:1075-1078.
24 +
Levine MD, Brooks R, Shonkoff J: A Pediatric Approach to Learning Disorders . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1980;.
25 +
Kleinbaum DG, Kupper LL: Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariate Methods . Boston, Duxbury Press, 1978;.
26 +
Kaplan E, Goodglass H, Weintraub S: Boston Naming Test . Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1983;.
27 +
DeRenzi E, Faglioni P:  Normative data and screening power of a shortened version of the Token Test . Cortex 1978;;14:41-49.
28 +
Wechsler D: Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence . New York, Psychological Corp, 1967;.
29 +
Kirk SA, McCarthy JJ, Kirk WD: Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability . Champaign, Ill, University of Illinois, 1968;.
30 +
Hiskey MS: Hiskey-Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude . Lincoln, Ne, University of Nebraska, 1966;.
31 +
Beery KE: Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration . Cleveland, Modern Curriculum Press, 1983;.
32 +
Satz P, Fletcher J: Florida Kindergarten Screening Battery . Odessa, Fla, Psychological Assessment Resources Inc, 1982;.
33 +
Milner B:  Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man . Br Med Bull 1971;;27:272-277.
34 +
Brigance A: Brigance Diagnostic Inventory of Basic Skills . Woburn, Mass, Curriculum Associates Inc, 1977;.
35 +
Fox B, Routh DK:  Analyzing spoken language into words, syllables, and phonemes: A developmental study . J Psycholinguist Res 1975;; 4:331-342.
36 +
McCarthy D: McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities . New York, Psychological Corp, 1972;.

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