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June 1985, Vol 139, No. 6 >
Article | June 1985

Oral Glucose-Electrolyte Solutions as Maintenance Therapy of Acute Diarrhea FREE

Robert Listernick, MD; Edward Zieserl, MD; A Todd Davis, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Hospital, 2300 Children's Plaza, Chicago, IL 60614 (Dr Listernick).


Am J Dis Child. 1985;139(6):571-574. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140080041029.
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• Sixty well-nourished, well-hydrated infants, 3 to 24 months of age with uncomplicated acute gastroenteritis, were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study that compared the safety and efficacy of two oral solutions. The solutions differed primarily in the sodium concentration (60 v 30 mEq/L) and glucose concentration (2% v 5%). The mean serum sodium concentrations of the two groups did not differ significantly from each other at entry or at the end of the study period. In addition, there were no significant changes in the mean serum sodium concentration within each group at the end of the study period. No child in either group became hypernatremic. Our results indicate that a solution with a high concentration of sodium initially designed for the rehydration of dehydrated children also can be safely and effectively used as a maintenance solution for the treatment of well-hydrated children older than 3 months of age with acute gastroenteritis.

(AJDC 1985;139:571-574)

REFERENCES

1 +
Sack RB, Pierce NF, Hirschhorn N:  The current status of oral therapy in the treatment of acute diarrheal illness . Am J Clin Nutr 1978;;31: 2252-2257.
2 +
Hirschhorn N:  The treatment of acute diarrhea in children: An historical and physiological perspective . Am J Clin Nutr 1980;;33:637-663.
3 +
Pierce NF, Hirschhorn N:  Oral fluid: A simple weapon against dehydration in diarrhoea . WHO Chron 1977;;31:87-93.
4 +
Hirschhorn N, Kinzie JL, Sachar DB, et al:  Decrease in net stool output in cholera during intestinal perfusion with glucose-containing solutions . N Engl J Med 1968;;279:176-181.
5 +
Sack DA, Chowdhury AMAK, Eusof A, et al:  Oral hydration in rotavirus diarrhoea: A double blind comparison of sucrose with glucose electrolyte solution . Lancet 1978;;2:280-283.
6 +
Nalin DR, Levine MM, Mata L, et al:  Oral rehydration and maintenance of children with rotavirus and bacterial diarrhoeas . Bull WHO 1979;;57:453-459.
7 +
Hirschhorn N, McCarthy BJ, Ranney B, et al:  Ad libitum oral glucose-electrolyte therapy for acute diarrhea in Apache children . J Pediatr 1973;;83:562-570.
8 +
Rahaman MM, Aziz KMS, Munsli MH, et al:  A diarrhea clinic in rural Bangladesh: Influence of distance, age and sex on attendance and diarrheal mortality . Am J Public Health 1982;;72: 1124-1128.
9 +
Tripp JH, Harries JT:  UNICEF/WHO glucose-electrolyte solution not always appropriate . Lancet 1980;;2:793.
10 +
Finberg L:  The role of oral electrolyte-glucose solutions in hydration for children: International and domestic aspects . J Pediatr 1980;;96: 51-53.
11 +
Harrison HE:  The treatment of diarrhea in infancy . Pediatr Clin North Am 1954;;1:335-348.
12 +
Colle E, Ayoub E, Raile R:  Hypertonic dehydration (hypernatremia): The role of feedings high in solutes . Pediatrics 1958;;22:5-12.
13 +
Nalin DR, Harlan E, Ramlal A, et al:  Comparison of low and high sodium and potassium content in oral rehydration solutions . J Pediatr 1980;;97:848-853.
14 +
Cleary TG, Cleary KR, Dupont HL, et al:  The relationship of oral rehydration solution to hypernatremia in infantile diarrhea . J Pediatr 1981;;9:739-741.
15 +
Pizarro D, Posada G, Villavicencio N, et al:  Oral rehydration in hypernatremic and hyponatremic diarrheal dehydration . AJDC 1983;;137: 730-734.
16 +
Santosham M, Daum RS, Dillman L, et al:  Oral rehydration therapy of infantile diarrhea: A controlled study of well-nourished children hospitalized in the United States and Panama . N Engl J Med 1982;;306:1070-1076.
17 +
Schedl HP, Clifton JA:  Solute and water absorption by the human small intestine . Nature 1963;;199:1264-1267.
18 +
Sack DA, Islam S, Brown KH, et al:  Oral therapy in children with cholera: A comparison of sucrose and glucose electrolyte solutions . J Pediatr 1980;;96:20-25.
19 +
Palmer DL, Koster FT, Islam AFMR, et al:  Comparison of sucrose and glucose in the oral electrolyte therapy of cholera and other severe diarrheas . N Engl J Med 1977;;297:1107-1110.

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References

1 +
Sack RB, Pierce NF, Hirschhorn N:  The current status of oral therapy in the treatment of acute diarrheal illness . Am J Clin Nutr 1978;;31: 2252-2257.
2 +
Hirschhorn N:  The treatment of acute diarrhea in children: An historical and physiological perspective . Am J Clin Nutr 1980;;33:637-663.
3 +
Pierce NF, Hirschhorn N:  Oral fluid: A simple weapon against dehydration in diarrhoea . WHO Chron 1977;;31:87-93.
4 +
Hirschhorn N, Kinzie JL, Sachar DB, et al:  Decrease in net stool output in cholera during intestinal perfusion with glucose-containing solutions . N Engl J Med 1968;;279:176-181.
5 +
Sack DA, Chowdhury AMAK, Eusof A, et al:  Oral hydration in rotavirus diarrhoea: A double blind comparison of sucrose with glucose electrolyte solution . Lancet 1978;;2:280-283.
6 +
Nalin DR, Levine MM, Mata L, et al:  Oral rehydration and maintenance of children with rotavirus and bacterial diarrhoeas . Bull WHO 1979;;57:453-459.
7 +
Hirschhorn N, McCarthy BJ, Ranney B, et al:  Ad libitum oral glucose-electrolyte therapy for acute diarrhea in Apache children . J Pediatr 1973;;83:562-570.
8 +
Rahaman MM, Aziz KMS, Munsli MH, et al:  A diarrhea clinic in rural Bangladesh: Influence of distance, age and sex on attendance and diarrheal mortality . Am J Public Health 1982;;72: 1124-1128.
9 +
Tripp JH, Harries JT:  UNICEF/WHO glucose-electrolyte solution not always appropriate . Lancet 1980;;2:793.
10 +
Finberg L:  The role of oral electrolyte-glucose solutions in hydration for children: International and domestic aspects . J Pediatr 1980;;96: 51-53.
11 +
Harrison HE:  The treatment of diarrhea in infancy . Pediatr Clin North Am 1954;;1:335-348.
12 +
Colle E, Ayoub E, Raile R:  Hypertonic dehydration (hypernatremia): The role of feedings high in solutes . Pediatrics 1958;;22:5-12.
13 +
Nalin DR, Harlan E, Ramlal A, et al:  Comparison of low and high sodium and potassium content in oral rehydration solutions . J Pediatr 1980;;97:848-853.
14 +
Cleary TG, Cleary KR, Dupont HL, et al:  The relationship of oral rehydration solution to hypernatremia in infantile diarrhea . J Pediatr 1981;;9:739-741.
15 +
Pizarro D, Posada G, Villavicencio N, et al:  Oral rehydration in hypernatremic and hyponatremic diarrheal dehydration . AJDC 1983;;137: 730-734.
16 +
Santosham M, Daum RS, Dillman L, et al:  Oral rehydration therapy of infantile diarrhea: A controlled study of well-nourished children hospitalized in the United States and Panama . N Engl J Med 1982;;306:1070-1076.
17 +
Schedl HP, Clifton JA:  Solute and water absorption by the human small intestine . Nature 1963;;199:1264-1267.
18 +
Sack DA, Islam S, Brown KH, et al:  Oral therapy in children with cholera: A comparison of sucrose and glucose electrolyte solutions . J Pediatr 1980;;96:20-25.
19 +
Palmer DL, Koster FT, Islam AFMR, et al:  Comparison of sucrose and glucose in the oral electrolyte therapy of cholera and other severe diarrheas . N Engl J Med 1977;;297:1107-1110.

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