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June 1980, Vol 134, No. 6 >
Article | June 1980

Encephalopathy in Young Children With Moderate Chronic Renal Failure FREE

James F. Bale, MD; Richard L. Siegler, MD; Patrick F. Bray, MD
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Am J Dis Child. 1980;134(6):581-583. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1980.02130180039012.
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• We studied three boys who had a similar encephalopathy develop during moderate chronic renal failure. The features included cerebellar system dysfunction, seizures, and intellectual and motor retardation. Extensive laboratory investigation failed to disclose an etiology other than chronic azotemia. These cases suggest that the developing nervous system is particularly sensitive to the effects of chronic azotemia. Early dialysis and/or transplantation should be considered in such children in an attempt to modify the serious nervous system abnormalities.

(Am J Dis Child 134:581-583, 1980)

REFERENCES

1 +
Tyler HR:  Neurologic disorders in renal failure . Am J Med 44:734-748, 1968;.
2 +
Raskin NH, Fishman RA:  Neurologic disorders in renal failure . N Engl J Med 294:143-148, 204-210, 1976;.
3 +
Nissenson AR, Levin ML, Klawans HL, et al:  Neurological sequelae of end stage renal disease . J Chron Dis 30:705-733, 1976;.
4 +
Cullen RF:  Neurologic complication of chronic renal disease , in Strauss J (ed): Pediatric Nephrology . New York, Stratton Intercontinental Medical Book Corp, 1976;, pp 453-463.
5 +
Baluarte HJ, Gruskin AB, Hiner L, et al:  Encephalopathy in children with chronic renal failure, abstracted . Pediatr Res 11:547, 1977;.
6 +
Olsen S:  The brain in uremia . Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand 36:1-122, 1961;.
7 +
Fishman RA, Raskin NH:  Experimental uremic encephalopathy: Permeability ion exchange and brain spaces . Trans Am Neurol Assoc 90:71-75, 1965;.
8 +
Hicks JM, Young DS, Wootton IDP:  The effect of uremic blood constituents on certain cerebral enzymes . Clin Chim Acta 9:228-235, 1964;.
9 +
Glaser GH:  Brain dysfunction in uremia . Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 53:173-199, 1974;.
10 +
Dianapoli RP, Johnson WJ, Lambert EH:  Experience with a combined hemodialysis-renal transplantation program: Neurologic aspects . Mayo Clin Proc 41:809-820, 1966;.
11 +
Jebsen RH, Tenckhoff H, Honet JC:  Natural history of uremic polyneuropathy and effects of dialysis . N Engl J Med 277:237-333, 1967;.
12 +
Bolton CF, Baltzan MA, Baltzan RB:  Effects of renal transplantation on uremic nephropathy . N Engl J Med 284:1170-1175, 1971;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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References

1 +
Tyler HR:  Neurologic disorders in renal failure . Am J Med 44:734-748, 1968;.
2 +
Raskin NH, Fishman RA:  Neurologic disorders in renal failure . N Engl J Med 294:143-148, 204-210, 1976;.
3 +
Nissenson AR, Levin ML, Klawans HL, et al:  Neurological sequelae of end stage renal disease . J Chron Dis 30:705-733, 1976;.
4 +
Cullen RF:  Neurologic complication of chronic renal disease , in Strauss J (ed): Pediatric Nephrology . New York, Stratton Intercontinental Medical Book Corp, 1976;, pp 453-463.
5 +
Baluarte HJ, Gruskin AB, Hiner L, et al:  Encephalopathy in children with chronic renal failure, abstracted . Pediatr Res 11:547, 1977;.
6 +
Olsen S:  The brain in uremia . Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand 36:1-122, 1961;.
7 +
Fishman RA, Raskin NH:  Experimental uremic encephalopathy: Permeability ion exchange and brain spaces . Trans Am Neurol Assoc 90:71-75, 1965;.
8 +
Hicks JM, Young DS, Wootton IDP:  The effect of uremic blood constituents on certain cerebral enzymes . Clin Chim Acta 9:228-235, 1964;.
9 +
Glaser GH:  Brain dysfunction in uremia . Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 53:173-199, 1974;.
10 +
Dianapoli RP, Johnson WJ, Lambert EH:  Experience with a combined hemodialysis-renal transplantation program: Neurologic aspects . Mayo Clin Proc 41:809-820, 1966;.
11 +
Jebsen RH, Tenckhoff H, Honet JC:  Natural history of uremic polyneuropathy and effects of dialysis . N Engl J Med 277:237-333, 1967;.
12 +
Bolton CF, Baltzan MA, Baltzan RB:  Effects of renal transplantation on uremic nephropathy . N Engl J Med 284:1170-1175, 1971;.

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