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March 1977, Vol 131, No. 3 >
Article | March 1977

Pediatric Evaluation of Children With School Problems FREE

David P. McCormick, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Dr McCormick is in private practice in Concord, Mass.

Reprint requests to 110 Tarbell Spring Rd, Concord, MA 01742 (Dr McCormick).


Am J Dis Child. 1977;131(3):318-322. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1977.02120160072013.
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• A practicing pediatrician participated in the evaluation of 21 children with school dysfunction. Diagnoses were coded according to a scheme that included (1) clinical psychiatric syndrome, (2) intellectual level, (3) associated or etiological factors, and (4) academic achievement level. Other members of the team included the school principal, guidance counselor, teacher, nurse, psychologist, social worker, and speech pathologist.

The 21 consecutive evaluations were carried out during a 15-month period, comprised 1.5% of the school-age children in the suburban pediatric practice, and accounted for 0.54% of the author's office appointments during the study period. The problems encountered included conduct disorders, specific learning disabilities, mild mental retardation, and seizure disorders. It is suggested that pediatricians may need additional training to participate effectively in this area of school health.

(Arch J Dis Child 131:318-322, 1977)

REFERENCES

1 +
Hass G, Levine MD:  Chapter 766 and "educational prescriptions." N Engl J Med 292:1077-1078, 1975;.
2 +
Denhoff E, Hainsworth P, Hainsworth M:  Learning disabilities and early childhood education: An information processing approach , in Myklebust HR (ed): Progress in Learning Disabilities . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1971;, vol 2, pp 111-151.
3 +
Nader PR, Friedman SB:  Community schools and pediatrics . Clin Pediatr 10:90-95, 1971;.
4 +
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Education Regulations for the Implementation of Chapter 766 of the Acts of 1972: The Comprehensive Special Education Law , 1974 Publication 25 M-9-75-112817. Boston, Massachusetts Department of Education, 1974;.
5 +
Kappelman MM, Roberts P, Rinaldi R, et al:  The school health team and school health physician . Am J Dis Child 129:191-195, 1975;.
6 +
Kappelman MM, Ganter RL:  A clinic for children with learning disabilities . Children 17:137-142, 1970;.
7 +
Rutter M, Lebovici S, Eisenberg L, et al:  A tri-axial classification of mental disorders in childhood . J Child Psychol Psychiatry 10:41-61, 1969;.
8 +
Cantwell DP:  Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in a pediatric clinic for military dependent children . J Pediatr 85:711-714, 1974;.
9 +
Rabe EF: Neurological Evaluation in Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Children , publication 2015. US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare, 1969;, appendix A, pp 69-71.
10 +
Twitchell TE, Lecours AR, Rudel RG, et al:  Minimal cerebral dysfunction in children: Motor deficits . Trans Am Neurol Assoc 91:353, 1966;.
11 +
Kinsbourne M, Warrington EK:  The relevance of delayed acquisition of finger sense to backwardness in reading and writing , in Bax MCO, MacKeith RC (eds): Minimal Cerebral Dysfunction . Little Club Clinic in Developmental Medicine No. 10, Philadelphia, Spastics International Medical Publications, 1963;, pp 62-64.
12 +
Myklebust HR:  Learning disabilities: Definition and overview , in Progress in Learning Disabilities . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1968;, vol 1, pp 1-13.
13 +
McFie J:  Cerebral dominance in cases of reading disability . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 15:194-199, 1952;.
14 +
Hainsworth PK, Siqueland ML: Early Identification of Children With Learning Disabilities: The Meeting Street School Screening Test . Providence, RI, Crippled Children and Adults of Rhode Island Inc, 1969;.
15 +
Fisher HB, Logeman JA: The Fisher-Logeman Test of Articulation Competence . Boston, Houghton-Mifflin Co, 1971;.
16 +
Doll EA: Vineland Social Maturity Scale . Circle Pines, Minn, American Guidance Service Inc, 1947;.
17 +
Clemmens RL, Glaser K:  Specific learning disabilities: I. Medical aspects . Clin Pediatr 6:481-491, 1967;.
18 +
Jastak TF, Jastak SR: The Wide Range Achievement Test Manual . Wilmington, Del, Guidance Associates of Delaware Inc, 1965;.
19 +
Gray WS: Gray Oral Reading Test , Robinson HR (ed). Indianapolis, Bobbs-Merrill Co Inc, 1963;.
20 +
Wechsler D: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children . New York, Psychological Corporation, 1949;.
21 +
Kirk SA, McCarthy JJ, Kirk WD: Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities . Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1968;.
22 +
Koppitz EM: The Bender Gestalt Test for Young Children . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1963;.
23 +
Dunn LM: Expanded Manual for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test . Circle Pines, Minn, American Guidance Service Inc, 1965;.
24 +
Harris DB: Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test Manual . New York, Harcourt Brace & World Inc, 1963;.
25 +
Burns RC, Kaufman SH: Kinetic Family Drawings (K-F-D): An Interpretive Manual . New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc, 1972;.
26 +
Atkinson BR, Seunath OHM:  The effect of stimulus change on attending behavior in normal children and children with learning disorders . J Learn Disord 6:569-573, 1973;.
27 +
Shain RJ, Reynard CL:  Observations on effects of a central nervous stimulant drug (methylphenidate) in children with hyperactive behavior . Pediatrics 55:709-716, 1975;.
28 +
McClelland CQ, Staples WI, Weisberg I:  The practitioner's role in behavioral pediatrics . J Pediatr 82:325-331, 1973;.
29 +
Battle CU:  Chronic physical disease behavioral aspects . Pediatr Clin North Am 22:526, 1975;.
30 +
Yancy WS:  Behavioral pediatrics and the practicing pediatrician . Pediatr Clin North Am 22:688, 1975;.
31 +
Wolff E, Horwood C:  Children with communication problems: How does one evaluate them? Clin Pediatr 6:635-540, 1967;.
32 +
Garrard SD:  Role of the pediatrician in the management of learning disorders . Pediatr Clin North Am 20:681-693, 1973;.
33 +
Menkes JH, Shain RJ (eds): Learning Disorders in Children (Report of the 61st Ross Conference on Pediatric Research) . Colombus, Ohio, Ross Laboratories, 1971;, p 15.
34 +
Myklebust HR:  Identification and diagnosis of children with learning disabilities: An interdisciplinary study of criteria , in Walzer S, Wolff PH (eds): Minimal Cerebral Dysfunction in Children . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1973;.
35 +
Silver LB:  Acceptable and controversial approaches to treating the child with learning disabilities . Pediatrics 55:406-415, 1975;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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References

1 +
Hass G, Levine MD:  Chapter 766 and "educational prescriptions." N Engl J Med 292:1077-1078, 1975;.
2 +
Denhoff E, Hainsworth P, Hainsworth M:  Learning disabilities and early childhood education: An information processing approach , in Myklebust HR (ed): Progress in Learning Disabilities . New York, Grune & Stratton, 1971;, vol 2, pp 111-151.
3 +
Nader PR, Friedman SB:  Community schools and pediatrics . Clin Pediatr 10:90-95, 1971;.
4 +
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Education Regulations for the Implementation of Chapter 766 of the Acts of 1972: The Comprehensive Special Education Law , 1974 Publication 25 M-9-75-112817. Boston, Massachusetts Department of Education, 1974;.
5 +
Kappelman MM, Roberts P, Rinaldi R, et al:  The school health team and school health physician . Am J Dis Child 129:191-195, 1975;.
6 +
Kappelman MM, Ganter RL:  A clinic for children with learning disabilities . Children 17:137-142, 1970;.
7 +
Rutter M, Lebovici S, Eisenberg L, et al:  A tri-axial classification of mental disorders in childhood . J Child Psychol Psychiatry 10:41-61, 1969;.
8 +
Cantwell DP:  Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in a pediatric clinic for military dependent children . J Pediatr 85:711-714, 1974;.
9 +
Rabe EF: Neurological Evaluation in Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Children , publication 2015. US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare, 1969;, appendix A, pp 69-71.
10 +
Twitchell TE, Lecours AR, Rudel RG, et al:  Minimal cerebral dysfunction in children: Motor deficits . Trans Am Neurol Assoc 91:353, 1966;.
11 +
Kinsbourne M, Warrington EK:  The relevance of delayed acquisition of finger sense to backwardness in reading and writing , in Bax MCO, MacKeith RC (eds): Minimal Cerebral Dysfunction . Little Club Clinic in Developmental Medicine No. 10, Philadelphia, Spastics International Medical Publications, 1963;, pp 62-64.
12 +
Myklebust HR:  Learning disabilities: Definition and overview , in Progress in Learning Disabilities . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1968;, vol 1, pp 1-13.
13 +
McFie J:  Cerebral dominance in cases of reading disability . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 15:194-199, 1952;.
14 +
Hainsworth PK, Siqueland ML: Early Identification of Children With Learning Disabilities: The Meeting Street School Screening Test . Providence, RI, Crippled Children and Adults of Rhode Island Inc, 1969;.
15 +
Fisher HB, Logeman JA: The Fisher-Logeman Test of Articulation Competence . Boston, Houghton-Mifflin Co, 1971;.
16 +
Doll EA: Vineland Social Maturity Scale . Circle Pines, Minn, American Guidance Service Inc, 1947;.
17 +
Clemmens RL, Glaser K:  Specific learning disabilities: I. Medical aspects . Clin Pediatr 6:481-491, 1967;.
18 +
Jastak TF, Jastak SR: The Wide Range Achievement Test Manual . Wilmington, Del, Guidance Associates of Delaware Inc, 1965;.
19 +
Gray WS: Gray Oral Reading Test , Robinson HR (ed). Indianapolis, Bobbs-Merrill Co Inc, 1963;.
20 +
Wechsler D: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children . New York, Psychological Corporation, 1949;.
21 +
Kirk SA, McCarthy JJ, Kirk WD: Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities . Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1968;.
22 +
Koppitz EM: The Bender Gestalt Test for Young Children . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1963;.
23 +
Dunn LM: Expanded Manual for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test . Circle Pines, Minn, American Guidance Service Inc, 1965;.
24 +
Harris DB: Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test Manual . New York, Harcourt Brace & World Inc, 1963;.
25 +
Burns RC, Kaufman SH: Kinetic Family Drawings (K-F-D): An Interpretive Manual . New York, Brunner/Mazel Inc, 1972;.
26 +
Atkinson BR, Seunath OHM:  The effect of stimulus change on attending behavior in normal children and children with learning disorders . J Learn Disord 6:569-573, 1973;.
27 +
Shain RJ, Reynard CL:  Observations on effects of a central nervous stimulant drug (methylphenidate) in children with hyperactive behavior . Pediatrics 55:709-716, 1975;.
28 +
McClelland CQ, Staples WI, Weisberg I:  The practitioner's role in behavioral pediatrics . J Pediatr 82:325-331, 1973;.
29 +
Battle CU:  Chronic physical disease behavioral aspects . Pediatr Clin North Am 22:526, 1975;.
30 +
Yancy WS:  Behavioral pediatrics and the practicing pediatrician . Pediatr Clin North Am 22:688, 1975;.
31 +
Wolff E, Horwood C:  Children with communication problems: How does one evaluate them? Clin Pediatr 6:635-540, 1967;.
32 +
Garrard SD:  Role of the pediatrician in the management of learning disorders . Pediatr Clin North Am 20:681-693, 1973;.
33 +
Menkes JH, Shain RJ (eds): Learning Disorders in Children (Report of the 61st Ross Conference on Pediatric Research) . Colombus, Ohio, Ross Laboratories, 1971;, p 15.
34 +
Myklebust HR:  Identification and diagnosis of children with learning disabilities: An interdisciplinary study of criteria , in Walzer S, Wolff PH (eds): Minimal Cerebral Dysfunction in Children . New York, Grune & Stratton Inc, 1973;.
35 +
Silver LB:  Acceptable and controversial approaches to treating the child with learning disabilities . Pediatrics 55:406-415, 1975;.

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