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October 1976, Vol 130, No. 10 >
Article | October 1976

Evaluation of Wistar RA27/3 Rubella Virus Vaccine in Children FREE

Henry H. Balfour, MD; Carol L. Balfour, RN; Charlene K. Edelman; Phillip A. Rierson, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Deceased.

Reprint requests to Box 437 Mayo Memorial Bldg, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (Dr Balfour).


Am J Dis Child. 1976;130(10):1089-1091. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1976.02120110051006.
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• Because the Wistar RA27/3 strain rubella virus vaccine has potentially important advantages over rubella vaccines currently licensed in the United States, a field trial was conducted in Minnesota and Wisconsin in 1974 to evaluate RA27/3 in this country. Two hundred eighty-five (99.7%) of 286 susceptible children given RA27/3 subcutaneously seroconverted, with a geometric mean hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer of 81.2. Twenty-eight (23%) of 122 children with rubella antibodies before immunization had fourfold or greater rises in rubella HI titers. The highest percentage of booster responses occurred in children with low preimmunization titers. Side effects were reported in 34% of subjects, but only one reaction associated with RA27/3 was serious: in a 5-year-old boy, arthritis of the left hip developed 31 days after immunization. This study indicates that RA27/3 vaccine produced a very high rate of seroconversion with high postimmunization HI titers. The ability to elicit significant booster responses in children with low levels of HI antibodies suggests that RA27/3 could be used to boost immunity in women of childbearing age whose rubella titers have declined to undetectable levels.

(Am J Dis Child 130:1089-1091, 1976)

REFERENCES

1 +
Laurence GD:  The production and testing of vaccines in human diploid cells, with special reference to rubella . Postgrad Med J 48( (suppl 3) ):24-29, 1972;.
2 +
Ogra PL, Kerr-Grant D, Umana G, et al:  Antibody response in serum and nasopharynx after naturally acquired and vaccine-induced infection with rubella virus . N Engl J Med 285:1333-1339, 1971;.
3 +
Plotkin SA, Farquhar JD, Ogra PL:  Immunologic properties of RA27/3 rubella virus vaccine: A comparison with strains presently licensed in the United States . JAMA 225:585-590, 1973;.
4 +
Liebhaber H:  Measurement of rubella antibody by hemagglutination inhibition: II. Characteristics of an improved HAI test employing a new method for the removal of non-immunoglobulin HA inhibitors from serum . J Immunol 104:826-834, 1970;.
5 +
Ingalls TH, Plotkin SA, Philbrook FR, et al:  Immunization of schoolchildren with rubella (RA27/3) vaccine: Intranasal and subcutaneous administration . Lancet 1:99-101, 1970;.
6 +
Schiff GM, Linnemann CC Jr, Shea L, et al:  Evaluation of RA27/3 rubella vaccine . J Pediatr 85:379-381, 1974;.
7 +
Goldblum N, Swartz TA, Klingberg W, et al:  Immunization with live attenuated rubella virus vaccine (HPV-77): Clinical and serological results in children and adolescents in Israel . Am J Dis Child 118:190-196, 1969;.
8 +
Karchmer AW, Herrmann KL, Friedman JP, et al:  Comparative studies of rubella vaccines . Am J Dis Child 118:197-202, 1969;.
9 +
Wyll SA, Herrmann KL, Abrutyn E, et al:  Rubella booster immunization: Serologic responses to a second dose of vaccine . JAMA 216:1451-1453, 1971;.

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References

1 +
Laurence GD:  The production and testing of vaccines in human diploid cells, with special reference to rubella . Postgrad Med J 48( (suppl 3) ):24-29, 1972;.
2 +
Ogra PL, Kerr-Grant D, Umana G, et al:  Antibody response in serum and nasopharynx after naturally acquired and vaccine-induced infection with rubella virus . N Engl J Med 285:1333-1339, 1971;.
3 +
Plotkin SA, Farquhar JD, Ogra PL:  Immunologic properties of RA27/3 rubella virus vaccine: A comparison with strains presently licensed in the United States . JAMA 225:585-590, 1973;.
4 +
Liebhaber H:  Measurement of rubella antibody by hemagglutination inhibition: II. Characteristics of an improved HAI test employing a new method for the removal of non-immunoglobulin HA inhibitors from serum . J Immunol 104:826-834, 1970;.
5 +
Ingalls TH, Plotkin SA, Philbrook FR, et al:  Immunization of schoolchildren with rubella (RA27/3) vaccine: Intranasal and subcutaneous administration . Lancet 1:99-101, 1970;.
6 +
Schiff GM, Linnemann CC Jr, Shea L, et al:  Evaluation of RA27/3 rubella vaccine . J Pediatr 85:379-381, 1974;.
7 +
Goldblum N, Swartz TA, Klingberg W, et al:  Immunization with live attenuated rubella virus vaccine (HPV-77): Clinical and serological results in children and adolescents in Israel . Am J Dis Child 118:190-196, 1969;.
8 +
Karchmer AW, Herrmann KL, Friedman JP, et al:  Comparative studies of rubella vaccines . Am J Dis Child 118:197-202, 1969;.
9 +
Wyll SA, Herrmann KL, Abrutyn E, et al:  Rubella booster immunization: Serologic responses to a second dose of vaccine . JAMA 216:1451-1453, 1971;.

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