Clinical Pharmacology of Gentamicin in Infants 2 to 24 Months of Age FREE

George H. McCracken, MD

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Received for publication June 23, 1972; accepted Aug 15.

Reprint requests to Department of Pediatrics, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas 75235 (Dr. McCracken).

Am J Dis Child. 1972;124(6):884-887. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1972.02110180086012.

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ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT | REFERENCES

Twenty-two infants 2 to 24 months old received gentamicin sulfate intramuscularly in dosages of 1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg every eight hours for from three to ten days. Peak serum gentamicin levels following 2.0 or 2.5 mg/kg doses were equal to or greater than minimal inhibitory concentrations of most gram-negative pathogens of infancy; antibiotic levels persisted in serum for at least eight hours. Half-life values in serum were inversely related to age, and values of 2.5 hours in older infants were similar to adult values.

Gentamicin concentrations in urine were 3μg to 478μg/ml and excretion of gentamicin directly correlated with creatinine clearance rates. Acute hematologic or renal toxicity was not evident. Gentamicin doses of 2.0 or 2.5 mg/kg administered every eight hours to infants up to 2 years of age are safe and adequate to treat infections caused by susceptible gram-negative enteric bacteria and Pseudomonas.

REFERENCES

ABSTRACT | REFERENCES

Finland M, Hewitt WL (eds.): Second international symposium on gentamicin . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):S1-S300, 1971;.

McCracken GH, West NR, Horton LJ: Urinary excretion of gentamicin in the neonatal period . J Infect Dis 123:257-262, 1971;.

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Grove DC, Randall WA: Assay Methods of Antibiotics . New York, Medical Encyclopedia Inc, 1955;, p 34.

McCracken GH, Jones LG: Gentamicin in the neonatal period . Am J Dis Child 120:524-533, 1970;.

Jackson GG, Arcieri G: Ototoxicity of gentamicin in man: A survey and controlled analysis of clinical experience in the United States . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):S130-S137, 1971;.

McCracken GH, Chrane DF, Thomas ML: Pharmacologic evaluation of gentamicin in newborn infants . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):S214-S223, 1971;.

Riff LJ, Jackson GG: Pharmacology of gentamicin in man . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):S98-S105, 1971;.

Gyselynck A, Forrey A, Cutler R: Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin: Distribution and plasma and renal clearance . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):S70-S76, 1971;.

Metcoff J: Regulation of the body fluids , in Cooke RE (ed.): The Biologic Basis of Pediatric Practice . New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co Inc, 1968;, p 104.

Winberg J: The 24-hour true endogenous creatinine clearance in infants and children without renal disease . Acta Paediatr Scand 48:443-452, 1959;.

Weil WB: The evaluation of renal function in infancy and childhood . Am J Med Sci 229:678-694, 1955;.

McHenry MC, et al: Therapy with gentamicin for bacteremic infections: Results with 53 patients . J Infect Dis 124( (suppl) ):S164-S173, 1971;.

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