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June 1970, Vol 119, No. 6 >
Article | June 1970

Brain Stem Tumors of Childhood and Adolescence FREE

Hillel S. Panitch, MD; Bruce O. Berg, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Received for publication Feb 6, 1970.

Reprint requests to Department of Neurology, University of California Medical Center. San Francisco 94122 (Dr. Berg).


Am J Dis Child. 1970;119(6):465-472. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1970.02100050467001.
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Comments

Forty children and adolescents showed clinical and radiographic evidence of brain stem tumors. The typical case is characterized by the insidious onset of cranial nerve involvement, pyramidal tract signs, ataxia, and behavioral changes without increased intracranial pressure. Of 28 patients who received radiation therapy, 21 (75%) showed clinical improvement. The average length of survival in the treated group was 47.2 months compared to 15.5 months in the untreated group. In general, patients who responded best to radiation therapy and survived longest were those with less extensive neurological involvement but longer duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis. In 26 pathologically verified cases, it appeared that the degree of tumor anaplasia was inversely related to survival time.

REFERENCES

1 +
Miller RW:  Fifty-two forms of childhood cancer: United States mortality experience, 1960-1966 . J Pediat 75:685-689, 1969;.
2 +
Bailey P, Buchanan DN, Bucy P: Intracranial Tumors of Infancy and Childhood . Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1939;, pp 188-241.
3 +
Ingraham FD, Matson DD: Neurosurgery of Infancy and Childhood . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, pp 259-269.
4 +
Jackson IJ, Thomson RK: Pediatric Neurosurgery . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, pp 330-395.
5 +
Lassman LP, Arjona VE:  Pontine gliomas of childhood . Lancet 1:913-915, 1967;.
6 +
Redmond JS, Jr:  The roentgen therapy of pontine gliomas . Amer J Roentgenol 86:644-648, 1961;.
7 +
Ford FR: Diseases of the Nervous System in Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1966;, pp 936-940.
8 +
Bray PF, Carter S, Taveras JM:  Brainstem tumors in children . Neurology 8:1-7, 1958;.
9 +
Taveras JM, Wood EH: Diagnostic Neuroradiology . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1964;, pp 1429-1436.
10 +
Liebner EJ, Pretto JE, Hochhauser M, et al:  Tumors of the posterior fossa in childhood and adolescence: Their diagnostic and radiotherapeutic patterns . Radiology 82:193-201, 1964;.
11 +
Bouchard J: Radiation Therapy of Tumors and Diseases of the Nervous System . Philadelphia, Lea and Febiger, 1966;, pp 119-135.
12 +
Russell DS, Rubinstein LJ: Pathology of Tumors of the Nervous System . London, E Arnold Ltd, pp 93-172.
13 +
Barnett HJ, Hyland HH:  Tumours involving the brain-stem, fourth ventricle, and pineal tissue . Quart J Med 21:265-284, 1952;.
14 +
Bucy PC, Keplinger JE:  Tumors of the brain stem with special reference to ocular manifestations . Arch Ophthal 62:541-554, 1959;.
15 +
White HH:  Brain stem tumors occurring in adults . Neurology 13:292-300, 1963;.
16 +
Cogan DG: Neurology of the Ocular Muscles . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1956;, pp 75-77.
17 +
Allerand CD:  Paroxysmal skew deviation in association with a brain stem glioma . Neurology 12:520-523, 1962;.
18 +
Segarra JM, Ojeman RJ:  Convergence nystagmus . Neurology 11:883-893, 1961;.
19 +
Espinosa RE, Lambert EH, Klass DW:  Facial Myokymia Affecting the Electroencephalogram . Mayo Clin Proc 42:258-270, 1967;.
20 +
Sogg RL, Hoyt WF, Boldrey EB:  Spastic paretic facial contracture . Neurology 13:607-612, 1963;.
21 +
Cairns H:  Mental disorders with tumors of the pons . Folia Psychiat Neurol Neurochir Neer 53: 193-203, 1950;.
22 +
Arseni C, Goldenberg M:  Psychic disturbances in infiltrative gliomata of the brain stem . Acta Neurochir 7:292-300, 1959;.
23 +
Kruyff E, Munn JD:  Posterior fossa tumors in infants and children . Amer J Roentgenol 89:951-965, 1963;.
24 +
Rhoton AL, Carlsson A, Ter-Pogossian MM:  Posterior fossa tumors. Localization with radioactive mercury (197Hg or 203Hg) labeled chlormerodrin . Arch Neurol 10:521-526, 1964;.
25 +
Martinius J, Ansgar M, Lombroso C:  Electroencephalographic features of posterior fossa tumors in children . Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 25: 128-139, 1968;.
26 +
Pilcher C:  Spongioblastoma polare of the pons . Arch Neurol Psychiat 32:1210-1229, 1934;.
27 +
Alpers BJ, Yaskin JC:  Gliomas of the pons . Arch Neurol Psychiat 41:435-459, 1939;.
28 +
Hare CC, Wolf A:  Intramedullary tumors of the brain stem . Arch Neurol Psychiat 32:1230-1252, 1934;.
29 +
Pool JL:  Gliomas in the region of the brain stem . J Neurosurg 29:164-167, 1968;.
30 +
Sarkari NBS, Bickerstaff ER:  Relapses and remissions in brain stem tumors . Brit Med J 2: 21-23, 1969;.
31 +
Buckley RC:  Pontile gliomas . Arch Path 9: 779-819, 1930;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Miller RW:  Fifty-two forms of childhood cancer: United States mortality experience, 1960-1966 . J Pediat 75:685-689, 1969;.
2 +
Bailey P, Buchanan DN, Bucy P: Intracranial Tumors of Infancy and Childhood . Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1939;, pp 188-241.
3 +
Ingraham FD, Matson DD: Neurosurgery of Infancy and Childhood . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, pp 259-269.
4 +
Jackson IJ, Thomson RK: Pediatric Neurosurgery . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, pp 330-395.
5 +
Lassman LP, Arjona VE:  Pontine gliomas of childhood . Lancet 1:913-915, 1967;.
6 +
Redmond JS, Jr:  The roentgen therapy of pontine gliomas . Amer J Roentgenol 86:644-648, 1961;.
7 +
Ford FR: Diseases of the Nervous System in Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1966;, pp 936-940.
8 +
Bray PF, Carter S, Taveras JM:  Brainstem tumors in children . Neurology 8:1-7, 1958;.
9 +
Taveras JM, Wood EH: Diagnostic Neuroradiology . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1964;, pp 1429-1436.
10 +
Liebner EJ, Pretto JE, Hochhauser M, et al:  Tumors of the posterior fossa in childhood and adolescence: Their diagnostic and radiotherapeutic patterns . Radiology 82:193-201, 1964;.
11 +
Bouchard J: Radiation Therapy of Tumors and Diseases of the Nervous System . Philadelphia, Lea and Febiger, 1966;, pp 119-135.
12 +
Russell DS, Rubinstein LJ: Pathology of Tumors of the Nervous System . London, E Arnold Ltd, pp 93-172.
13 +
Barnett HJ, Hyland HH:  Tumours involving the brain-stem, fourth ventricle, and pineal tissue . Quart J Med 21:265-284, 1952;.
14 +
Bucy PC, Keplinger JE:  Tumors of the brain stem with special reference to ocular manifestations . Arch Ophthal 62:541-554, 1959;.
15 +
White HH:  Brain stem tumors occurring in adults . Neurology 13:292-300, 1963;.
16 +
Cogan DG: Neurology of the Ocular Muscles . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1956;, pp 75-77.
17 +
Allerand CD:  Paroxysmal skew deviation in association with a brain stem glioma . Neurology 12:520-523, 1962;.
18 +
Segarra JM, Ojeman RJ:  Convergence nystagmus . Neurology 11:883-893, 1961;.
19 +
Espinosa RE, Lambert EH, Klass DW:  Facial Myokymia Affecting the Electroencephalogram . Mayo Clin Proc 42:258-270, 1967;.
20 +
Sogg RL, Hoyt WF, Boldrey EB:  Spastic paretic facial contracture . Neurology 13:607-612, 1963;.
21 +
Cairns H:  Mental disorders with tumors of the pons . Folia Psychiat Neurol Neurochir Neer 53: 193-203, 1950;.
22 +
Arseni C, Goldenberg M:  Psychic disturbances in infiltrative gliomata of the brain stem . Acta Neurochir 7:292-300, 1959;.
23 +
Kruyff E, Munn JD:  Posterior fossa tumors in infants and children . Amer J Roentgenol 89:951-965, 1963;.
24 +
Rhoton AL, Carlsson A, Ter-Pogossian MM:  Posterior fossa tumors. Localization with radioactive mercury (197Hg or 203Hg) labeled chlormerodrin . Arch Neurol 10:521-526, 1964;.
25 +
Martinius J, Ansgar M, Lombroso C:  Electroencephalographic features of posterior fossa tumors in children . Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 25: 128-139, 1968;.
26 +
Pilcher C:  Spongioblastoma polare of the pons . Arch Neurol Psychiat 32:1210-1229, 1934;.
27 +
Alpers BJ, Yaskin JC:  Gliomas of the pons . Arch Neurol Psychiat 41:435-459, 1939;.
28 +
Hare CC, Wolf A:  Intramedullary tumors of the brain stem . Arch Neurol Psychiat 32:1230-1252, 1934;.
29 +
Pool JL:  Gliomas in the region of the brain stem . J Neurosurg 29:164-167, 1968;.
30 +
Sarkari NBS, Bickerstaff ER:  Relapses and remissions in brain stem tumors . Brit Med J 2: 21-23, 1969;.
31 +
Buckley RC:  Pontile gliomas . Arch Path 9: 779-819, 1930;.

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