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H-Type Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula:  Diagnostic and Operative Management FREE

Murray M. Kappelman, MD; John Dorst, MD; J. Alex Haller, MD; Alvin Stambler, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Received for publication Jan 14, 1969.

Reprint requests to the Department of Pediatrics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Inc., Belvedere at Greenspring Ave, Baltimore 21215 (Dr. Kappelman).


Am J Dis Child. 1969;118(4):568-575. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1969.02100040570005.
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THE RECOGNITION of the clinical entity of congenital tracheo-esophageal (TE) fistula without esophageal atresia, the so-called H-type TE fistula, is not of recent origin. The original description was recorded by Lamb1 in 1873. The first report of a surgical repair of a congenital H-type TE fistula was documented by Imperatori2 in 1939. Since the original description of the congenital H-type TE fistula in 1873, there have been approximately 125 cases of the congenital variety recorded in the pediatric, surgical, and otolaryngology literature. The purpose of this current report is to utilize a recent case of H-type TE fistula to review the overall problem, stressing the important aspects of radiologic diagnosis and operative repair.

The primary anatomical abnormality in the vast majority of congenital esophageal defects is esophageal atresia often, but not always, associated with a fistulous tract between trachea and esophagus extending from the proximal or the distal

REFERENCES

Lamb, D.S.:  A Fatal Case of Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Phila Med Times 3:705, 1873;.
Imperatori, C.J.:  Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulae Without Atresia of the Esophagus , Arch Otolaryng 30:352-359 ( (Sept) ) 1939;.
Haight, C.:  Some Observations on Esophageal Atresias and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulas of Congenital Origin , J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 34:147-172, 1957;.
Holder, T., et al:  Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Pediatrics 34:542-549 ( (Oct) ) 1964;.
Waterston, D.J.; Carter, R.E.; and Aberdeen, E.:  Esophageal Atresia: Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Lancet 1:819-822, 1962;.
Eckstein, H.B., and Somasindarum, K.:  Multiple Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulas Without Atresia , J Pediat Surg 1:381-383 ( (Aug) ) 1966;.
Blank, R.; Connar, R.; and Carolton, L., Jr.:  Problems Encountered on the Management of Congenital Esophageal Anomalies , Southern Med J 60: 1180-1183 ( (Nov) ) 1967;.
Tenta, L., and Ford, L.:  Congenital H-Type TE Fistula in a Young Adult , Arch Otolaryng 85:675-679 ( (June) ) 1967;.
Johnston, P.W., and Hastings, N.:  Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Without Esophageal Atresia , Amer J Surg 112:233-240 ( (Aug) ) 1966;.
Rothman, P.:  The Clinical Manifestations of Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Without Esophageal Atresia , Med Bull Child Hosp Los Angeles 11:49-53, 1964;.
Cohen, S.:  Unusual Types of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulae , Clin Pediat 4:271-275, 1965;.
Hays, D.M.; Wooley, M.M.; and Snyder, W.H.:  Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula: Management of the Uncommon Types , J Pediat Surg 1:240-252 ( (June) ) 1966;.
Harrison, H.; Fuqua, W.; and Griffin, R.:  Congenital Laryngeal Cleft , Amer J Dis Child 110:556-558 ( (Nov) ) 1965;.
Kellen, D., and Greenlee, H.B.:  Transcervical Repair of H-Type Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Ann Surg 162:145-150 ( (July) ) 1965;.
Baghdassiarian, O.M., and Van Houte, J.J.:  Role of the Barium Swallow Examination in the Evaluation of Pediatric Pneumonias , Amer J Roentgen 97:302-310 ( (May) ) 1966;.
Schneider, K.M., and Becker, J.M.:  The "H-Type" Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula in Infants and Children , Surgery 51:677-686 ( (May) ) 1962;.
Dunbar, J.S., et al:  An Investigation of Effects of Apaque Media on the Lungs With Comparison of Barium Sulfate, Lipiodol and Dionosil , Amer J Roentgen 82:902-926 ( (Nov) ) 1959;.
Reich, S.B.:  Production of Pulmonary Edema by Aspiration of Water Soluble, Non-Absorbable Contrast Media , Radiology 92:367-370 ( (Feb) ) 1969;.
Moncrief, J.A., and Randolph, J.G.:  Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Without Atresia of the Esophagus: A Method for Diagnosis and Surgical Correction , J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 51:434-442 ( (March) ) 1966;.
Winslow, P.R.; Bryant, L.R.; and Hasbrouck, J.D.:  Cystoscope Endoscopy in the H-Type Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Arch Surg 93:520-522 ( (Sept) ) 1966;.
Putney, F.J.:  Bronchoesophagology , Arch Otolaryng 86:117-121 ( (July) ) 1967;.
Lynn, H.B., and Davis, L.A.:  Tracheoesophageal Atresia Without Atresia of the Esophagus , Surg Clin N Amer 41:871-883 ( (Aug) ) 1961;.

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References

Lamb, D.S.:  A Fatal Case of Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Phila Med Times 3:705, 1873;.
Imperatori, C.J.:  Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulae Without Atresia of the Esophagus , Arch Otolaryng 30:352-359 ( (Sept) ) 1939;.
Haight, C.:  Some Observations on Esophageal Atresias and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulas of Congenital Origin , J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 34:147-172, 1957;.
Holder, T., et al:  Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Pediatrics 34:542-549 ( (Oct) ) 1964;.
Waterston, D.J.; Carter, R.E.; and Aberdeen, E.:  Esophageal Atresia: Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Lancet 1:819-822, 1962;.
Eckstein, H.B., and Somasindarum, K.:  Multiple Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulas Without Atresia , J Pediat Surg 1:381-383 ( (Aug) ) 1966;.
Blank, R.; Connar, R.; and Carolton, L., Jr.:  Problems Encountered on the Management of Congenital Esophageal Anomalies , Southern Med J 60: 1180-1183 ( (Nov) ) 1967;.
Tenta, L., and Ford, L.:  Congenital H-Type TE Fistula in a Young Adult , Arch Otolaryng 85:675-679 ( (June) ) 1967;.
Johnston, P.W., and Hastings, N.:  Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Without Esophageal Atresia , Amer J Surg 112:233-240 ( (Aug) ) 1966;.
Rothman, P.:  The Clinical Manifestations of Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Without Esophageal Atresia , Med Bull Child Hosp Los Angeles 11:49-53, 1964;.
Cohen, S.:  Unusual Types of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulae , Clin Pediat 4:271-275, 1965;.
Hays, D.M.; Wooley, M.M.; and Snyder, W.H.:  Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula: Management of the Uncommon Types , J Pediat Surg 1:240-252 ( (June) ) 1966;.
Harrison, H.; Fuqua, W.; and Griffin, R.:  Congenital Laryngeal Cleft , Amer J Dis Child 110:556-558 ( (Nov) ) 1965;.
Kellen, D., and Greenlee, H.B.:  Transcervical Repair of H-Type Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Ann Surg 162:145-150 ( (July) ) 1965;.
Baghdassiarian, O.M., and Van Houte, J.J.:  Role of the Barium Swallow Examination in the Evaluation of Pediatric Pneumonias , Amer J Roentgen 97:302-310 ( (May) ) 1966;.
Schneider, K.M., and Becker, J.M.:  The "H-Type" Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula in Infants and Children , Surgery 51:677-686 ( (May) ) 1962;.
Dunbar, J.S., et al:  An Investigation of Effects of Apaque Media on the Lungs With Comparison of Barium Sulfate, Lipiodol and Dionosil , Amer J Roentgen 82:902-926 ( (Nov) ) 1959;.
Reich, S.B.:  Production of Pulmonary Edema by Aspiration of Water Soluble, Non-Absorbable Contrast Media , Radiology 92:367-370 ( (Feb) ) 1969;.
Moncrief, J.A., and Randolph, J.G.:  Congenital Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula Without Atresia of the Esophagus: A Method for Diagnosis and Surgical Correction , J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 51:434-442 ( (March) ) 1966;.
Winslow, P.R.; Bryant, L.R.; and Hasbrouck, J.D.:  Cystoscope Endoscopy in the H-Type Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula , Arch Surg 93:520-522 ( (Sept) ) 1966;.
Putney, F.J.:  Bronchoesophagology , Arch Otolaryng 86:117-121 ( (July) ) 1967;.
Lynn, H.B., and Davis, L.A.:  Tracheoesophageal Atresia Without Atresia of the Esophagus , Surg Clin N Amer 41:871-883 ( (Aug) ) 1961;.

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