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Task Identification in Pediatric Practice FREE

Abraham B. Bergman, MD; Jeffrey L. Probstfield, MD; Ralph J. Wedgwood, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Received for publication Nov 22, 1968.

Read in part before the fifth annual Conference on Research in Medical Education, San Francisco, Oct 23, 1966.

Reprint requests to the Children's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle 98105 (Dr. Bergman).


Am J Dis Child. 1969;118(3):459-468. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1969.02100040461008.
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IMAGINATIVE efforts are urgently needed to cope with the impending shortage of child health manpower in the United States. The situation is serious: an increasing childhood population in the face of a declining number of child health physicians (pediatricians and general practitioners).1 Most urban practitioners' offices are filled to capacity, and countless communities are without any physician. New federal health programs which require large numbers of professional staff are enabling more citizens to have access to health services.

There are two possible solutions: a marked increase in the number of pediatricians or a change in the manner that pediatric care is now given. No matter how desirable, the first possibility is impractical. By 1980, even if the majority of all medical school graduates were to enter pediatrics (a most unlikely prospect), the current child-to-physician ratio could not be maintained and would result in shortages of other types of physicians

REFERENCES

Stewart, W.H.; and Pennell, M.Y.:  Pediatric Manpower in the United States and Its Implications , Pediatrics , 31:311-318 ( (Feb) ) 1963;.
Stewart, W.H.:  The Unmet Needs of Children , Pediatrics 39:157-160 ( (Feb) ) 1967;.
Bergman, A.B.; Dassel, S.W.; and Wedgwood, R.J.:  Time-Motion Study of Practicing Pediatricians , Pediatrics 38:254-263 ( (Aug) ) 1966;.
Peterson, O.L., et al:  Analytic Study of North Carolina General Practice , J Med Educ 31:1-165 ( (Dec) , pt 2) 1956;.
Blum, L.H.:  The Pediatrician in the Role of Psychologist and Educator , Amer J Dis Child 80: 238-244 ( (Aug) ) 1950;.
Stine, O.C.:  Content and Method of Health Supervision by Physicians in Child Health Conferences in Baltimore, 1959 , Amer J Public Health 52: 1858-1865 ( (Nov) ) 1962;.
Deisher, R.W.; Derby, A.J.; and Sturman, M.J.:  Changing Trends in Pediatric Practice , Pediatrics 25:711-716 ( (April) ) 1960;.
Aldrich, R.A.: " Introduction to Pediatrics ," in Brennemann-Kelley, Practice of Pediatrics , Hagerstown, Md: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1967;, pp 3-10.
Siegel, E., and Bryson, S.C.:  Redefinition of Role of Public Health Nurse in Child Health Supervision , Amer J Public Health 53:1015-1024 ( (July) ) 1963;.
Connelly, J.P., et al:  Physician and Nurse—Their Interprofessional Work in Office Ambulatory Settings , New Eng J Med 275:765-769 ( (Oct) ) 1966;.
Silver, H.K.; Ford, L.C.; and Stearly, S.C.:  Program to Increase Health Care for Children: Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program , Pediatrics 39:756-760 ( (May) ) 1967;.
Ford, P.A.; Seacat, M.S.; and Silver, G.A.:  Relative Roles of the Public Health Nurse and the Physician in Prenatal and Infant Supervision , Amer J Public Health 56:1097-1103 ( (July) ) 1966;.
Bergman, A.B. (ed.): Assessing the Effectiveness of Child Health Services , Report of the 56th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research, Columbus, Ohio: Ross Laboratories, 1967;.
Fein, R.: The Doctor Shortage: An Economic Diagnosis , Washington, DC: The Brookings Institute, 1967;.
Stewart, W.H.: " The Challenging Need for Assessment ," in Bergman A.B. (ed.): Assessing the Effectiveness of Child Health Services , Report of the 56th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research, Columbus, Ohio: Ross Laboratories, 1967;, pp 9-14.
Kissick, W.L.:  Effective Utilization: The Critical Factor in Health Manpower , Amer J Public Health 58:23-29 ( (Jan) ) 1968;.
" Use of Allied Health Personnel " in Standards of Child Health Care , Evanston, Ill: American Academic of Pediatrics, 1967;.
Austin, G.; Foster, W.; and Richards, J.C.:  Pediatric Screening Examinations in Private Practice , Pediatrics 41:115-119 ( (Jan) pt 1) 1968;.
Crook, W.G.: Duties of a Pediatric Assistant, read before the annual meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics, Chicago, Ill, Oct 24, 1966.
Skinner, A.L.:  Parental Acceptance of Delegated Pediatric Services , Pediatrics 41:1003-1004 ( (May) ) 1968;.
Yankauer, A.; Connelly, J.P.; and Feldman, J.J.:  A Survey of Allied Health Worker Utilization in Pediatric Practice in Massachusetts and in the United States , Pediatrics 42:733-742 ( (Nov) ) 1968;.

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References

Stewart, W.H.; and Pennell, M.Y.:  Pediatric Manpower in the United States and Its Implications , Pediatrics , 31:311-318 ( (Feb) ) 1963;.
Stewart, W.H.:  The Unmet Needs of Children , Pediatrics 39:157-160 ( (Feb) ) 1967;.
Bergman, A.B.; Dassel, S.W.; and Wedgwood, R.J.:  Time-Motion Study of Practicing Pediatricians , Pediatrics 38:254-263 ( (Aug) ) 1966;.
Peterson, O.L., et al:  Analytic Study of North Carolina General Practice , J Med Educ 31:1-165 ( (Dec) , pt 2) 1956;.
Blum, L.H.:  The Pediatrician in the Role of Psychologist and Educator , Amer J Dis Child 80: 238-244 ( (Aug) ) 1950;.
Stine, O.C.:  Content and Method of Health Supervision by Physicians in Child Health Conferences in Baltimore, 1959 , Amer J Public Health 52: 1858-1865 ( (Nov) ) 1962;.
Deisher, R.W.; Derby, A.J.; and Sturman, M.J.:  Changing Trends in Pediatric Practice , Pediatrics 25:711-716 ( (April) ) 1960;.
Aldrich, R.A.: " Introduction to Pediatrics ," in Brennemann-Kelley, Practice of Pediatrics , Hagerstown, Md: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1967;, pp 3-10.
Siegel, E., and Bryson, S.C.:  Redefinition of Role of Public Health Nurse in Child Health Supervision , Amer J Public Health 53:1015-1024 ( (July) ) 1963;.
Connelly, J.P., et al:  Physician and Nurse—Their Interprofessional Work in Office Ambulatory Settings , New Eng J Med 275:765-769 ( (Oct) ) 1966;.
Silver, H.K.; Ford, L.C.; and Stearly, S.C.:  Program to Increase Health Care for Children: Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program , Pediatrics 39:756-760 ( (May) ) 1967;.
Ford, P.A.; Seacat, M.S.; and Silver, G.A.:  Relative Roles of the Public Health Nurse and the Physician in Prenatal and Infant Supervision , Amer J Public Health 56:1097-1103 ( (July) ) 1966;.
Bergman, A.B. (ed.): Assessing the Effectiveness of Child Health Services , Report of the 56th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research, Columbus, Ohio: Ross Laboratories, 1967;.
Fein, R.: The Doctor Shortage: An Economic Diagnosis , Washington, DC: The Brookings Institute, 1967;.
Stewart, W.H.: " The Challenging Need for Assessment ," in Bergman A.B. (ed.): Assessing the Effectiveness of Child Health Services , Report of the 56th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research, Columbus, Ohio: Ross Laboratories, 1967;, pp 9-14.
Kissick, W.L.:  Effective Utilization: The Critical Factor in Health Manpower , Amer J Public Health 58:23-29 ( (Jan) ) 1968;.
" Use of Allied Health Personnel " in Standards of Child Health Care , Evanston, Ill: American Academic of Pediatrics, 1967;.
Austin, G.; Foster, W.; and Richards, J.C.:  Pediatric Screening Examinations in Private Practice , Pediatrics 41:115-119 ( (Jan) pt 1) 1968;.
Crook, W.G.: Duties of a Pediatric Assistant, read before the annual meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics, Chicago, Ill, Oct 24, 1966.
Skinner, A.L.:  Parental Acceptance of Delegated Pediatric Services , Pediatrics 41:1003-1004 ( (May) ) 1968;.
Yankauer, A.; Connelly, J.P.; and Feldman, J.J.:  A Survey of Allied Health Worker Utilization in Pediatric Practice in Massachusetts and in the United States , Pediatrics 42:733-742 ( (Nov) ) 1968;.

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