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February 1961, Vol 101, No. 2 >
Article | February 1961

"Enclosed" Hemorrhage and Neonatal Jaundice FREE

AARON R. RAUSEN, M.D.; LOUIS K. DIAMOND, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication March 2, 1960.

300 Longwood Ave. (15).

This study was supported by Grant B-264 from the National Institutes of Health.


Am J Dis Child. 1961;101(2):164-169. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1961.04020030028006.
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References
Comments

Hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn, regardless of the cause, is a potentially dangerous state. If the serum indirect bilirubin exceeds 20 mg. %, the possibility of kernicterus is significant; the higher the bilirubin, the greater the risk of this central nervous system damage.

Many conditions and combinations of circumstances have been noted to be associated with hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn, the commonest cause being hemolytic disease of the newborn due to blood group incompatibility. Other, less common, causes include prematurity, sepsis, excessive administration of certain drugs to the mother at term or to the newborn, congenital spherocytic and nonspherocytic hemolytic anemias, and the Crigler-Najjar syndrome.

Recently, 3 newborn infants were seen with hemorrhage into their tissues, in whom significant hyperbilirubinemia developed. The hemorrhage produced an increased amount of bilirubin as the hemoglobin "enclosed" in the tissues broke down. The exposure to an excess bilirubin load, occurring at a time of life when

REFERENCES

1 +
Allen, F. H., Jr., and Diamond, L. K.: Erythroblastosis Fetalis, Including Exchange Transfusion Technique , Boston, Little, Brown & Company, 1957;, p. 44.
2 +
Day, R., and Johnson, L.:  Kernicterus , in Progress in Hematology , edited by L. M. Tocantins, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1959;, Vol. 2, p. 133.
3 +
Arias, I. M.:  Recent Progress in the Understanding of Bilirubin Metabolism and Jaundice , New York J. Med. 59:3759, 1959;.
4 +
Dancis, J.:  Aspects of Bilirubin Metabolism—Before and After Birth , Pediatrics 24:980, 1959;.
5 +
Brown, A. K., and Zuelzer, W. W.:  Studies on Hyperbilirubinemia: I. Hyperbilirubinemia of the Newborn Unrelated to Isoimmunization , Am. J. Dis. Child. 93:263, 1957;.
6 +
Wheeler, W. E., and Ambuel, J. P.:  The Efficient Use of Exchange Transfusions in the Treatment of Erythroblastosis , Pediat. Clin. North America , p. 383, (May) , 1957;.
7 +
Lathe, G. H., and Walker, M.:  Inhibition of Bilirubin Conjugation in Rat Liver Slices by Human Pregnancy and Neonatal Serum and Steroids , Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 43:257, 1958;.
8 +
Hsia, D. Y. Y.; Dowben, R. M.; Shaw, R., and Grossman, A.: The Inhibition of Glucuronyl Transferase by Progestational Agents from Pregnant Serum, presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Pediatric Research, May 3 and 4, 1960.
9 +
Lucey, J. F.; Arias, I. M., and McKay, R. J., Jr.: Transient Familial Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Society, May 5-6, 1960.
10 +
Meyer, T. C., and Angus, J.:  Effect of Large Doses of "Synkavit" in the Newborn , Arch. Dis. Childhood 31:212, 1956;.
11 +
Silverman, W. A.; Andersen, D. H.; Blanc, W. A., and Crozier, D. N.:  A Difference in Mortality Rate and Incidence of Kernicterus Among Premature Infants Allotted to 2 Prophylactic Antibacterial Regimens , Pediatrics 18:614, 1956;.
12 +
Odell, G. B.:  Studies in Kernicterus: I. The Protein Binding of Bilirubin , J. Clin. Invest. 38: 823, 1959;.
13 +
Benirschke, K.: Unpublished observations.
14 +
Farber, S., and Vawter, G. F.:  Clinical Pathological Conference , J. Pediat. 56:308, 1960;

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Allen, F. H., Jr., and Diamond, L. K.: Erythroblastosis Fetalis, Including Exchange Transfusion Technique , Boston, Little, Brown & Company, 1957;, p. 44.
2 +
Day, R., and Johnson, L.:  Kernicterus , in Progress in Hematology , edited by L. M. Tocantins, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1959;, Vol. 2, p. 133.
3 +
Arias, I. M.:  Recent Progress in the Understanding of Bilirubin Metabolism and Jaundice , New York J. Med. 59:3759, 1959;.
4 +
Dancis, J.:  Aspects of Bilirubin Metabolism—Before and After Birth , Pediatrics 24:980, 1959;.
5 +
Brown, A. K., and Zuelzer, W. W.:  Studies on Hyperbilirubinemia: I. Hyperbilirubinemia of the Newborn Unrelated to Isoimmunization , Am. J. Dis. Child. 93:263, 1957;.
6 +
Wheeler, W. E., and Ambuel, J. P.:  The Efficient Use of Exchange Transfusions in the Treatment of Erythroblastosis , Pediat. Clin. North America , p. 383, (May) , 1957;.
7 +
Lathe, G. H., and Walker, M.:  Inhibition of Bilirubin Conjugation in Rat Liver Slices by Human Pregnancy and Neonatal Serum and Steroids , Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 43:257, 1958;.
8 +
Hsia, D. Y. Y.; Dowben, R. M.; Shaw, R., and Grossman, A.: The Inhibition of Glucuronyl Transferase by Progestational Agents from Pregnant Serum, presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Pediatric Research, May 3 and 4, 1960.
9 +
Lucey, J. F.; Arias, I. M., and McKay, R. J., Jr.: Transient Familial Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Society, May 5-6, 1960.
10 +
Meyer, T. C., and Angus, J.:  Effect of Large Doses of "Synkavit" in the Newborn , Arch. Dis. Childhood 31:212, 1956;.
11 +
Silverman, W. A.; Andersen, D. H.; Blanc, W. A., and Crozier, D. N.:  A Difference in Mortality Rate and Incidence of Kernicterus Among Premature Infants Allotted to 2 Prophylactic Antibacterial Regimens , Pediatrics 18:614, 1956;.
12 +
Odell, G. B.:  Studies in Kernicterus: I. The Protein Binding of Bilirubin , J. Clin. Invest. 38: 823, 1959;.
13 +
Benirschke, K.: Unpublished observations.
14 +
Farber, S., and Vawter, G. F.:  Clinical Pathological Conference , J. Pediat. 56:308, 1960;

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