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December 1960, Vol 100, No. 6 >
Article | December 1960

Congenital Deformities of the Museuloskeletal System Noted in the Newborn FREE

EDGAR M. BICK, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication March 2, 1960.

30 East 60th St. (22).

This project was completed with the aid of a generous grant from the Susan Greenwall Foundation.


Am J Dis Child. 1960;100(6):861-868. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1960.04020040863009.
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References
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Between October, 1954, and December, 1958, five thousand newly born babies were examined by the writer of this report. These were unselected consecutive Obstetrical Service cases made available through the courtesy of its Director, Dr. Alan Guttmacher, and Dr. Horace Hodes, Director of the Pediatric Service. Each examination was made within a few days of birth, and most of them within 36 hours.

The objectives of the investigation were chiefly twofold: (1) to form a numerical base of reference for the occurrence of certain relatively common congenital deformities of the musculoskeletal system which could be applied to continuing studies by the Orthopaedic Service of this Hospital (or others) on the natural history of these lesions, and (2) to determine the relationship, if any, of certain maternal factors, especially those connected with the circumstances of the mother's pregnancy.

While 5,000 newborn are a fair enough collection for study, the relatively small

REFERENCES

1 +
Proceedings of Conference on Prematurity, Congenital Malformations and Birth Injury, 1953, 2. Second Scientific Conference: Mechanisms of Congenital Malformations, 1954.
2 +
Bagg, H. J.:  Hereditary Abnormalities of the Limbs, Their Origin and Transmission , Am. J. Anat. 43:167, 1929;.
3 +
Bick, E. M.: Source Book of Orthopaedics , Ed. 2, Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1948;,  Chap. VII .
4 +
 The Osteohistology of the Normal Human Vertebra , J. Mt. Sinai Hosp. New York 19: 490, 1952;.
5 +
Caffey, J.; Ames, R.; Silverman, W. A.; Ryder, C. T., and Haugh, G.:  Contraindication of the Congenital Dysplasia-Predislocation Hypothesis of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip, Through Study of Normal Variations in Acetabular Angles at Successive Periods in Infancy , Pediatrics 17:632, 1956;.
6 +
Coleman, S. S.:  Diagnosis of Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip in the Newborn Infant , J.A.M.A. 162:548, 1956;.
7 +
Colonna, P. C.:  Care of the Infant with Congenital Subluxation of the Hip , J.A.M.A. 166:715, 1958;.
8 +
Duraiswami, P. K.:  Experimental Causation of Congenital Defects and Its Significance in Orthopaedic Surgery , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 34-B:646, 1952;.
9 +
Ehrenhaft, J. L.:  Development of the Vertebral Column as Related to Certain Congenital and Pathological Changes , Surg. Gynec. & Obst. 76:282, 1943;.
10 +
Gregg, N. M.:  Rubella During Pregnancy of the Mother with Its Sequelae of Congenital Defects in the Child , M.J. Australia 1:313, 1945;.
11 +
Gruenwald, P.:  Developmental Pathology: A New Field of Medicine , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 58:1, 1949;.
12 +
Hass, J.: Congenital Dislocation of the Hip , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1951;.
13 +
Hart, V. L.: Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip Joint and Sequelae , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1952;.
14 +
Ingalls, T. H.; Curley, F. J., and Prindle, R. A.:  Experimental Production of Congenital Anomalies: Timing and Degree of Anoxia as a Factor Causing Fetal Deaths and Congenital Anomalies in the Mouse , New England J. Med. 247:758, 1952;.
15 +
Jacobziner, H.; Pakter, J.; Gold, E. M., and Rich, H.:  A Correlative Study of Congenital Malformations , New York, J. Med. 57:3453, 1957;.
16 +
Kazukuni, U.:  Roentgenological Study of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip, Especially Concerning Its Early Diagnosis and Pathogenesis , J. Jap. S. Soc. 30:41, 1956;.
17 +
Kite, J. H.:  Congenital Metatarsus Varus: Instructional Course Lectures , Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. 7:126, 1950;.
18 +
McIntosh, R.; Merritt, K. K.; Richards, M. R.; Samuels, M. H., and Bellows, M. T.:  The Incidence of Congenital Malformations: A Study of 5,964 Pregnancies , Pediatrics 14:505, 1954;.
19 +
Muller, H. J.:  The Production of Mutation by X-Ray , Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 14:714, 1928;.
20 +
Murphy, D. P.: Congenital Malformations , Ed. 2, Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1947;.
21 +
Shapiro, R. N.; Eddy, W.; Fitzgibbon, J., and O'Brien, G.:  The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies Discovered in the Neo-Natal Period , Am. J. Surg. 96:396, 1958;.
22 +
Stevenson, S. S.; Worcester, J., and Rice, R. G.:  Six Hundred Seventy-Seven Congenitally Malformed Infants and Associated Gestational Characteristics , Pediatrics 6:37, 208, 1950;.
23 +
Warkany, J.:  Congenital Malformations Induced by Maternal Nutritional Deficiency , J. Pediat. 25:276, 1944;.
24 +
Weber, F. P.:  Congenital Developmental Familial Disease , Brit. J. Child. Dis. 28:34, 1931;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Proceedings of Conference on Prematurity, Congenital Malformations and Birth Injury, 1953, 2. Second Scientific Conference: Mechanisms of Congenital Malformations, 1954.
2 +
Bagg, H. J.:  Hereditary Abnormalities of the Limbs, Their Origin and Transmission , Am. J. Anat. 43:167, 1929;.
3 +
Bick, E. M.: Source Book of Orthopaedics , Ed. 2, Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1948;,  Chap. VII .
4 +
 The Osteohistology of the Normal Human Vertebra , J. Mt. Sinai Hosp. New York 19: 490, 1952;.
5 +
Caffey, J.; Ames, R.; Silverman, W. A.; Ryder, C. T., and Haugh, G.:  Contraindication of the Congenital Dysplasia-Predislocation Hypothesis of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip, Through Study of Normal Variations in Acetabular Angles at Successive Periods in Infancy , Pediatrics 17:632, 1956;.
6 +
Coleman, S. S.:  Diagnosis of Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip in the Newborn Infant , J.A.M.A. 162:548, 1956;.
7 +
Colonna, P. C.:  Care of the Infant with Congenital Subluxation of the Hip , J.A.M.A. 166:715, 1958;.
8 +
Duraiswami, P. K.:  Experimental Causation of Congenital Defects and Its Significance in Orthopaedic Surgery , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 34-B:646, 1952;.
9 +
Ehrenhaft, J. L.:  Development of the Vertebral Column as Related to Certain Congenital and Pathological Changes , Surg. Gynec. & Obst. 76:282, 1943;.
10 +
Gregg, N. M.:  Rubella During Pregnancy of the Mother with Its Sequelae of Congenital Defects in the Child , M.J. Australia 1:313, 1945;.
11 +
Gruenwald, P.:  Developmental Pathology: A New Field of Medicine , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 58:1, 1949;.
12 +
Hass, J.: Congenital Dislocation of the Hip , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1951;.
13 +
Hart, V. L.: Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip Joint and Sequelae , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1952;.
14 +
Ingalls, T. H.; Curley, F. J., and Prindle, R. A.:  Experimental Production of Congenital Anomalies: Timing and Degree of Anoxia as a Factor Causing Fetal Deaths and Congenital Anomalies in the Mouse , New England J. Med. 247:758, 1952;.
15 +
Jacobziner, H.; Pakter, J.; Gold, E. M., and Rich, H.:  A Correlative Study of Congenital Malformations , New York, J. Med. 57:3453, 1957;.
16 +
Kazukuni, U.:  Roentgenological Study of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip, Especially Concerning Its Early Diagnosis and Pathogenesis , J. Jap. S. Soc. 30:41, 1956;.
17 +
Kite, J. H.:  Congenital Metatarsus Varus: Instructional Course Lectures , Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. 7:126, 1950;.
18 +
McIntosh, R.; Merritt, K. K.; Richards, M. R.; Samuels, M. H., and Bellows, M. T.:  The Incidence of Congenital Malformations: A Study of 5,964 Pregnancies , Pediatrics 14:505, 1954;.
19 +
Muller, H. J.:  The Production of Mutation by X-Ray , Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 14:714, 1928;.
20 +
Murphy, D. P.: Congenital Malformations , Ed. 2, Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1947;.
21 +
Shapiro, R. N.; Eddy, W.; Fitzgibbon, J., and O'Brien, G.:  The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies Discovered in the Neo-Natal Period , Am. J. Surg. 96:396, 1958;.
22 +
Stevenson, S. S.; Worcester, J., and Rice, R. G.:  Six Hundred Seventy-Seven Congenitally Malformed Infants and Associated Gestational Characteristics , Pediatrics 6:37, 208, 1950;.
23 +
Warkany, J.:  Congenital Malformations Induced by Maternal Nutritional Deficiency , J. Pediat. 25:276, 1944;.
24 +
Weber, F. P.:  Congenital Developmental Familial Disease , Brit. J. Child. Dis. 28:34, 1931;.

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