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July 1960, Vol 100, No. 1 >
Article | July 1960

Diagnosis of Neonatal Jaundice by Patterns of Serum Transaminase FREE

SIMON KOVE, M.D.; RALPH PERRY, M.D.; FELIX WROBLEWSKI, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication Oct. 7, 1959.

138-15 77th Ave., Kew Garden Hills (Dr. Kove).


Am J Dis Child. 1960;100(1):47-68. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1960.04020040049010.
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A voluminous literature attests to the difficulty of diagnosis in jaundice of unknown origin in the neonatal period. For this time of life the history, physical examination, and available laboratory techniques often provide inadequate, and even misleading, information for arriving at a correct etiological diagnosis. This is in contrast to what occurs in older children and adults, in whom these same diagnostic procedures usually suffice to establish the cause of jaundice. Thus, a technique which could significantly help in clarifying the clinical picture in the newborn infant would be an important diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of neonatal jaundice.

Measurement of transaminase activity in serum has proved of value in diagnosis of liver disease in children and adults.1-7 For these older age groups alterations in transaminase activity in serum in pathological states have been well documented. However, for the neonatal period and early infancy, apart from our own

REFERENCES

1 +
Wróblewski, F., and La Due, J. S.:  Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase Activity as an Index of Liver Cell Injury: A Preliminary Report , Ann. Int. Med. 43:345-360, 1955;.
2 +
Wróblewski, F.; Jervis, G., and La Due, J. S.:  The Diagnostic, Prognostic and Epidemiologic Significance of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGO-T) Alterations in Acute Hepatitis , Ann. Int. Med. 45:782-800, 1956;.
3 +
Wróblewski, F., and La Due, J. S.:  Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGP-T) in Hepatic Disease: A Preliminary Report , Ann. Int. Med. 45:801-811, 1956;.
4 +
Wróblewski, F.:  Clinical Significance of Alterations in Serum Transaminase in Hepatitis , in Hepatitis Frontiers , edited by F. W. Hartman and G. S. LoGrippo, Boston, Little, Brown & Company, 1957;, pp. 447-465.
5 +
Chinsky, M.; Wolff, R. J., and Sherry, S.:  Serum Transaminase Activity: A Comparison of the Pyruvic and Oxaloacetic Transaminases , Am. J.M. Sc. 233:400-408, 1957;.
6 +
Ward, R.; Krugman, S.; Giles, J. P.; Jacobs, A. M., and Bodansky, O.:  Infectious Hepatitis: Studies of Its Natural History and Prevention , New England J. Med. 258:407-416, 1958;.
7 +
Tolentino, P., and Rossi, M.:  Serum Transaminase Variations in Childhood , Arch. Dis. Childhood 33:409-412 ( (Oct.) ) 1958;.
8 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Significance of Serum Transaminase Activity in the Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice in the Newborn Infant , Clin. Res. Proc. 5:211-212, 1957;.
9 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Activity in the Neonatal Period: Preliminary Observations in Jaundice of the Newborn Infant , Abstract, A.M.A.J. Dis. Child. 94:550, 1957;.
10 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Activity of Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase in the Serum in the Neonatal Period , Pediatrics 20: 584-589, 1957;.
11 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Measurement of Activity of Transaminases in the Serum as an Aid in Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice in the Neonatal Period , Pediatrics 20: 590-599, 1957;.
12 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Activity as a Diagnostic Aid in Neonatal Icterus , Clin. Res. Proc. 6:29-30, 1958;.
13 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Activity in the Neonatal Period: Valuable Aid in Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice in the Newborn Infant , J.A.M.A. 168: 860-867, 1958;.
14 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S.; Perry, R. E., and Wróblewski, F.:  Diagnosis of Neonatal Jaundice by Serum Transaminase , A.M.A. Arch. Surg. 78: 157-168, 1959;.
15 +
Abelson, N. M., and Boggs, T. R.:  Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase Activity in Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn , Abstract, A.M.A.J. Dis. Child. 92:512, 1956;.
16 +
Kaplan, M. J., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Studies in Infants and Children , Abstract, A.M.A.J. Dis. Child. 94:446, 1957;.
17 +
West, M., and Zimmerman, H. J.:  Lactic Dehydrogenase and Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase in Normal Pregnant Women and Newborn Children , Am. J.M. Sc. 235:443-447, 1958;.
18 +
Stave, U.:  Transaminases and Glycolytic Enzymes in Serum of Newborns, Infants, and Children , Ztschr. Kinderh. 81:472-480, 1958;.
19 +
Martoni, L., and Musiani, S.:  Evaluation of Transaminase Activity in the Newborn , Clin. pediat. 39:807-830, 1957;.
20 +
Karmen, A.; Wróblewski, F., and La Due, J. S.:  Transaminase Activity in Human Blood , J. Clin. Invest. 34:126-133, 1955;.
21 +
Kove, S.; Perry, R. E., and Wróblewski, F.: Unpublished observations.
22 +
Hsia, D. Y.-Y.; Patterson, P.; Allen, F. H.; Diamond, L. K., and Gellis, S. S.:  Prolonged Obstructive Jaundice in Infants: I. A General Survey of 156 Cases , Pediatrics 10:243-251, 1952;.
23 +
Gellis, S. S.; Craig, J. M., and Hsia, D. Y.-Y.:  Prolonged Obstructive Jaundice in Infancy: IV. Neonatal Hepatitis , A.M.A. Am. J. Dis. Child. 88:285-293, 1954;.
24 +
Zetterström, R., and Ernester, L.:  Bilirubin, Uncoupler of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Isolated Mitochondria , Nature , London 178:1335, 1956;.
25 +
Day, R. L.:  Inhibition of Brain Respiration in Vitro with Bilirubin , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 85:261-264, 1954;.
26 +
Waters, W. J., and Bowen, W. R.:  Bilirubin Encephalopathy: Studies Related to Cellular Respiration , A.M.A. Am. J. Dis. Child . 90:603, 1955;.
27 +
Mollison, P. L., and Cutbush, M.:  Hemolytic Disease of Newborn: Criteria of Severity , Brit. M.J. 1:123-130, 1949;.
28 +
Wakim, K. G., and Fleisher, G. A.:  The Effect of Cerebral Infarction on Transaminase Activity in Serum, Cerebrospinal Fluid and Infarcted Tissue , Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin. 31: 391-399, 1949;.
29 +
Feigin, I.:  Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis (Metachromatic Leuko-Encephalopathy) , Am. J. Path. 30:715-737, 1954;.
30 +
Hain, R. F., and La Veck, G. D.:  Metachromatic Leuko-Encephalopathy , Pediatrics 22: 1064-1073, 1958;.
31 +
Margileth, A. M.:  The Diagnosis and Treatment of Generalized Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease of the Newborn , Pediatrics 15:270-283, 1955;.
32 +
Medearis, D. N., Jr.:  Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease , Pediatrics 19:467-480, 1957;.
33 +
Smith, M. G.:  Propagation of a Cytopathogenic Virus from Salivary Gland Virus Disease of Infants in Tissue Cultures , Am. J. Path. 32:641, 1956;.
34 +
Moore, T. C.:  Congenital Atresia of the Extrahepatic Bile Ducts , Surg. Gynec. & Obst. 96:215-225, 1953;.
35 +
Gross, R. E.: Surgery of Infancy and Childhood , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1953;, p. 508.
36 +
Lanman, T. H.:  Congenital Obstruction of the Bile Ducts , Surg. Gynec. & Obst. 87:108-110, 1948;.
37 +
Stanton, R. E., and Joos, H. A.:  Glutamic-Oxalacetic Transaminase in Serum in Infancy and Childhood , Pediatrics 24:362-366, 1959;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Wróblewski, F., and La Due, J. S.:  Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase Activity as an Index of Liver Cell Injury: A Preliminary Report , Ann. Int. Med. 43:345-360, 1955;.
2 +
Wróblewski, F.; Jervis, G., and La Due, J. S.:  The Diagnostic, Prognostic and Epidemiologic Significance of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGO-T) Alterations in Acute Hepatitis , Ann. Int. Med. 45:782-800, 1956;.
3 +
Wróblewski, F., and La Due, J. S.:  Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGP-T) in Hepatic Disease: A Preliminary Report , Ann. Int. Med. 45:801-811, 1956;.
4 +
Wróblewski, F.:  Clinical Significance of Alterations in Serum Transaminase in Hepatitis , in Hepatitis Frontiers , edited by F. W. Hartman and G. S. LoGrippo, Boston, Little, Brown & Company, 1957;, pp. 447-465.
5 +
Chinsky, M.; Wolff, R. J., and Sherry, S.:  Serum Transaminase Activity: A Comparison of the Pyruvic and Oxaloacetic Transaminases , Am. J.M. Sc. 233:400-408, 1957;.
6 +
Ward, R.; Krugman, S.; Giles, J. P.; Jacobs, A. M., and Bodansky, O.:  Infectious Hepatitis: Studies of Its Natural History and Prevention , New England J. Med. 258:407-416, 1958;.
7 +
Tolentino, P., and Rossi, M.:  Serum Transaminase Variations in Childhood , Arch. Dis. Childhood 33:409-412 ( (Oct.) ) 1958;.
8 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Significance of Serum Transaminase Activity in the Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice in the Newborn Infant , Clin. Res. Proc. 5:211-212, 1957;.
9 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Activity in the Neonatal Period: Preliminary Observations in Jaundice of the Newborn Infant , Abstract, A.M.A.J. Dis. Child. 94:550, 1957;.
10 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Activity of Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase in the Serum in the Neonatal Period , Pediatrics 20: 584-589, 1957;.
11 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Measurement of Activity of Transaminases in the Serum as an Aid in Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice in the Neonatal Period , Pediatrics 20: 590-599, 1957;.
12 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Activity as a Diagnostic Aid in Neonatal Icterus , Clin. Res. Proc. 6:29-30, 1958;.
13 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Activity in the Neonatal Period: Valuable Aid in Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice in the Newborn Infant , J.A.M.A. 168: 860-867, 1958;.
14 +
Kove, S.; Goldstein, S.; Perry, R. E., and Wróblewski, F.:  Diagnosis of Neonatal Jaundice by Serum Transaminase , A.M.A. Arch. Surg. 78: 157-168, 1959;.
15 +
Abelson, N. M., and Boggs, T. R.:  Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase Activity in Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn , Abstract, A.M.A.J. Dis. Child. 92:512, 1956;.
16 +
Kaplan, M. J., and Wróblewski, F.:  Serum Transaminase Studies in Infants and Children , Abstract, A.M.A.J. Dis. Child. 94:446, 1957;.
17 +
West, M., and Zimmerman, H. J.:  Lactic Dehydrogenase and Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase in Normal Pregnant Women and Newborn Children , Am. J.M. Sc. 235:443-447, 1958;.
18 +
Stave, U.:  Transaminases and Glycolytic Enzymes in Serum of Newborns, Infants, and Children , Ztschr. Kinderh. 81:472-480, 1958;.
19 +
Martoni, L., and Musiani, S.:  Evaluation of Transaminase Activity in the Newborn , Clin. pediat. 39:807-830, 1957;.
20 +
Karmen, A.; Wróblewski, F., and La Due, J. S.:  Transaminase Activity in Human Blood , J. Clin. Invest. 34:126-133, 1955;.
21 +
Kove, S.; Perry, R. E., and Wróblewski, F.: Unpublished observations.
22 +
Hsia, D. Y.-Y.; Patterson, P.; Allen, F. H.; Diamond, L. K., and Gellis, S. S.:  Prolonged Obstructive Jaundice in Infants: I. A General Survey of 156 Cases , Pediatrics 10:243-251, 1952;.
23 +
Gellis, S. S.; Craig, J. M., and Hsia, D. Y.-Y.:  Prolonged Obstructive Jaundice in Infancy: IV. Neonatal Hepatitis , A.M.A. Am. J. Dis. Child. 88:285-293, 1954;.
24 +
Zetterström, R., and Ernester, L.:  Bilirubin, Uncoupler of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Isolated Mitochondria , Nature , London 178:1335, 1956;.
25 +
Day, R. L.:  Inhibition of Brain Respiration in Vitro with Bilirubin , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 85:261-264, 1954;.
26 +
Waters, W. J., and Bowen, W. R.:  Bilirubin Encephalopathy: Studies Related to Cellular Respiration , A.M.A. Am. J. Dis. Child . 90:603, 1955;.
27 +
Mollison, P. L., and Cutbush, M.:  Hemolytic Disease of Newborn: Criteria of Severity , Brit. M.J. 1:123-130, 1949;.
28 +
Wakim, K. G., and Fleisher, G. A.:  The Effect of Cerebral Infarction on Transaminase Activity in Serum, Cerebrospinal Fluid and Infarcted Tissue , Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin. 31: 391-399, 1949;.
29 +
Feigin, I.:  Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis (Metachromatic Leuko-Encephalopathy) , Am. J. Path. 30:715-737, 1954;.
30 +
Hain, R. F., and La Veck, G. D.:  Metachromatic Leuko-Encephalopathy , Pediatrics 22: 1064-1073, 1958;.
31 +
Margileth, A. M.:  The Diagnosis and Treatment of Generalized Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease of the Newborn , Pediatrics 15:270-283, 1955;.
32 +
Medearis, D. N., Jr.:  Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease , Pediatrics 19:467-480, 1957;.
33 +
Smith, M. G.:  Propagation of a Cytopathogenic Virus from Salivary Gland Virus Disease of Infants in Tissue Cultures , Am. J. Path. 32:641, 1956;.
34 +
Moore, T. C.:  Congenital Atresia of the Extrahepatic Bile Ducts , Surg. Gynec. & Obst. 96:215-225, 1953;.
35 +
Gross, R. E.: Surgery of Infancy and Childhood , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1953;, p. 508.
36 +
Lanman, T. H.:  Congenital Obstruction of the Bile Ducts , Surg. Gynec. & Obst. 87:108-110, 1948;.
37 +
Stanton, R. E., and Joos, H. A.:  Glutamic-Oxalacetic Transaminase in Serum in Infancy and Childhood , Pediatrics 24:362-366, 1959;.

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