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April 1959, Vol 97, No. 4 >
Article | April 1959

Fatal Coxsackie Group B Virus Infection in the Newborn:  Report of a Case with Necropsy Findings and Brief Review of the Literature FREE

MARVIN L. SUSSMAN, M.D.; LOTTE STRAUSS, M.D.; HORACE L. HODES, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication Aug. 28, 1958.

Present address of Dr. Sussman is 2789 U. S. A. F. Hospital, Brookley AFB, Mobile, Ala.


AMA Am J Dis Child. 1959;97(4):483-492. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1959.02070010485014.
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References
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Recent reports have called attention to a form of acute infection with myocarditis in the neonatal period, caused by members of the Coxsackie B group of viruses. These have been recognized on the basis of their association with outbreaks of Bornholm disease or "summer grippe" in adults or as a result of direct isolation of the virus from tissues or blood or feces of affected infants.1-13 Interestingly, only sporadic cases have been known to occur on the American continent, while most of the outbreaks have been reported from South Africa. There are now at least 34 cases known to have been caused by Coxsackie B virus Types 2, 3, 4 or 5 (Table). Although recent observations have shown Coxsackie infection in the newborn to be a generalized disease, myocarditis has been the most constant clinical and pathologic finding.

Because of the lack of characteristic symptoms in the newborn the

REFERENCES

1 +
Montgomery, J.; Gear, J.; Prinsloo, F. R.; Kahn, M., and Kirsch, Z.:  Myocarditis of Newborn: An Outbreak in a Maternity Home in Southern Rhodesia Associated with Coxsackie Group B Virus Infection , South African M. J. 29:608, 1955;.
2 +
Javett, S. N.; Heymann, S.; Mundel, B.; Pepler, W. J.; Lurie, H. I.; Gear, J.; Measroch, V., and Kirsch, Z.:  Myocarditis in the Newborn Infant: A Study of an Outbreak Associated with Coxsackie Group B Virus Infection in a Maternity Home in Johannesburg , J. Pediat. 48:1, 1956;.
3 +
van Creveld, S., and de Jager, H.:  Myocarditis in Newborn, Caused by Coxsackie Virus: Clinical and Pathological Data , Ann. paediat. 187: 100, 1956;.
4 +
Verlinde, J. D.; van Tongeren, H. A. E., and Kret, A.:  Myocarditis in Newborn Due to Group B Coxsackie Virus: Virus Studies , Ann. paediat. 187:113, 1956;.
5 +
Kibrick, S., and Benirschke, K.:  Acute Aseptic Myocarditis and Meningoencephalitis in the Newborn Child Infected with Coxsackie Virus Group B Type 3 , New England J. Med. 255:883, 19[ill];
6 +
Gear J.; Measroch, V., and Prinsloo, F. R.:  The Medical and Public Health Importance of the Coxsackie Viruses , South African M. J. 30:806, 1956;.
7 +
Blattner, R. J.:  Acute Aseptic Myocarditis in the Newborn Infant: Editorial , J. Pediat. 50: 644, 1957;.
8 +
Sabin, A.: Comment in Year Book of Pediatrics 1957-1958, page 269.
9 +
Sprunt, K.: Personal communication to the author[ill]
10 +
Kibrick, S., and Benirschke, K.:  Severe Generalized Disease in the Newborn Due to Coxsackie Virus Group B , A. M. A. J. Dis. Child. 96:498, 1958;.
11 +
Newton, W. A., Jr., and Hosier, D. M.:  Coxsackie Infection in Infants and Children: Focal and Disseminated; Fatal and Nonfatal , Am. J. Path. 34:587, 1958;.
12 +
Hosier, D. M., and Newton, W. A., Jr.:  Serious Coxsackie Infections in Infants and Children: Myocarditis, Meningoencephalitis, and Hepatitis , A.M.A. J. Dis. Child. 96:251, 1958;.
13 +
Delaney, T. B., and Fukunaga, F. H.:  Myocarditis in Newborn Infant with Encephalomeningitis Due to Coxsackie Virus Group B, Type 4 , New England J. Med. 259:234, 1958;.
14 +
Suckling, P. V., and Vogelpoel, L.:  Coxsackie Myocarditis of the Newborn , M. Proc. 4:372, 1958;.
15 +
Naudé, W. du T.; Selzer, G., and Kipps, A.:  Coxsackie Virus Myocarditis of the Newborn: Virus Studies , M. Proc. 4:397, 1958;.
16 +
Simenhoff, M. L., and Uys, C. J.:  Coxsackie Virus Myocarditis of the Newborn: A Pathological Survey of 4 Cases , M. Proc. 4:389, 1958;.
17 +
Godman, G. C.; Bunting, H., and Melnick, J. L.:  The Histopathology of Coxsackie Virus Infection in Mice , Am. J. Path. 28:223, 1952;.
18 +
Movitt, E. R.; Lennette, E. H.; Mangum, J. F.; Berk, M., and Bowman, M. S.:  Acute Benign Pericarditis: Report of Two Cases Associated with Group A and Group B Coxsackie Viruses , New England J. Med. 258:1082, 1958;.
19 +
McLeod, D. L.; Beale, A. J.; McNaughton, G. A., and Rhodes, A. J.:  Clinical Features of Aseptic Meningitis Caused by Coxsackie-B Virus , Lancet 2:701, 1956;.
20 +
Ahvenainen, E. K., and Hjelt, L.:  Myocardial Lesions of Early Childhood , Ann. Paediat. Fenniae. 1:12, 1954;-55.
21 +
Saphir, O.; Wile, S. A., and Reingold, I. M.:  Myocarditis in Children , Am. J. Dis. Child. 67:294, 1944;.
22 +
Drennan, J. M.:  Acute Isolated Myocarditis in Newborn Infants , Arch. Dis. Childhood 28:288, 1953;.
23 +
Saphir, O., and Cohen, N. A.:  Myocarditis in Infancy , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 64:446, 1957;.
24 +
Trossman, C. M., and Curtis, C. N.:  Fatal Interstitial Cardiopneumonitis in an Infant , U. S. Armed Forces M. J. 7:419, 1956;.
25 +
Song, Y. S., and Sprunt, D. H.:  Nonbacterial Diffuse Myocarditis Associated with Interstitial Pneumonia , A. M. A. Arch. Path. 65:666, 1958;.
26 +
Melnick, J. L., and Godman, G. C.:  Pathogenesis of Coxsackie Virus Infection: Multiplication of Virus and Evolution of the Muscle Lesion in Mice , J. Exper. Med. 93:247, 1951;.
27 +
Lépine, P.; Desse, G., and Sautter, V.:  Biopsies musculaires avec examen histologique et isolement du virus Coxsackie chez l'homme atteint de myalgie épidémique (maladie de Bornholm) , Bull. Acad. nat. méd. 136:66, 1952;.
28 +
Vivell, O.; Gädeke, R.; Roland, D., and Sievers, K.:  Klinische, virologische und pathologisch-anatomische Beobachtungen bei Coxsackie-Virus-Infektionen , Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 77: 983, 1952;.
29 +
Freudenberg, E.; Roulet, F., and Nicole, R.:  Kongenitale Infektion mit Coxsackie-Virus , Ann. paediat. 178:150, 1952;.
30 +
Benirschke, K.; Kibrick, S., and Craig, J. M.:  The Pathology of Fatal Coxsackie Infection in the Newborn , Am. J. Path. 34:587, 1958;.
31 +
Pappenheimer, A. M.; Kunz, L. J., and Richardson, S.:  Passage of Coxsackie Virus (Conn. 5 Strain) in Adult Mice with Production of Pancreatic Disease , J. Exper. Med. 94:45, 1951;.
32 +
Oppenheimer, E. H.:  Congenital Chickenpox with Disseminated Visceral Lesions , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 74:240, 1944;.

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Montgomery, J.; Gear, J.; Prinsloo, F. R.; Kahn, M., and Kirsch, Z.:  Myocarditis of Newborn: An Outbreak in a Maternity Home in Southern Rhodesia Associated with Coxsackie Group B Virus Infection , South African M. J. 29:608, 1955;.
2 +
Javett, S. N.; Heymann, S.; Mundel, B.; Pepler, W. J.; Lurie, H. I.; Gear, J.; Measroch, V., and Kirsch, Z.:  Myocarditis in the Newborn Infant: A Study of an Outbreak Associated with Coxsackie Group B Virus Infection in a Maternity Home in Johannesburg , J. Pediat. 48:1, 1956;.
3 +
van Creveld, S., and de Jager, H.:  Myocarditis in Newborn, Caused by Coxsackie Virus: Clinical and Pathological Data , Ann. paediat. 187: 100, 1956;.
4 +
Verlinde, J. D.; van Tongeren, H. A. E., and Kret, A.:  Myocarditis in Newborn Due to Group B Coxsackie Virus: Virus Studies , Ann. paediat. 187:113, 1956;.
5 +
Kibrick, S., and Benirschke, K.:  Acute Aseptic Myocarditis and Meningoencephalitis in the Newborn Child Infected with Coxsackie Virus Group B Type 3 , New England J. Med. 255:883, 19[ill];
6 +
Gear J.; Measroch, V., and Prinsloo, F. R.:  The Medical and Public Health Importance of the Coxsackie Viruses , South African M. J. 30:806, 1956;.
7 +
Blattner, R. J.:  Acute Aseptic Myocarditis in the Newborn Infant: Editorial , J. Pediat. 50: 644, 1957;.
8 +
Sabin, A.: Comment in Year Book of Pediatrics 1957-1958, page 269.
9 +
Sprunt, K.: Personal communication to the author[ill]
10 +
Kibrick, S., and Benirschke, K.:  Severe Generalized Disease in the Newborn Due to Coxsackie Virus Group B , A. M. A. J. Dis. Child. 96:498, 1958;.
11 +
Newton, W. A., Jr., and Hosier, D. M.:  Coxsackie Infection in Infants and Children: Focal and Disseminated; Fatal and Nonfatal , Am. J. Path. 34:587, 1958;.
12 +
Hosier, D. M., and Newton, W. A., Jr.:  Serious Coxsackie Infections in Infants and Children: Myocarditis, Meningoencephalitis, and Hepatitis , A.M.A. J. Dis. Child. 96:251, 1958;.
13 +
Delaney, T. B., and Fukunaga, F. H.:  Myocarditis in Newborn Infant with Encephalomeningitis Due to Coxsackie Virus Group B, Type 4 , New England J. Med. 259:234, 1958;.
14 +
Suckling, P. V., and Vogelpoel, L.:  Coxsackie Myocarditis of the Newborn , M. Proc. 4:372, 1958;.
15 +
Naudé, W. du T.; Selzer, G., and Kipps, A.:  Coxsackie Virus Myocarditis of the Newborn: Virus Studies , M. Proc. 4:397, 1958;.
16 +
Simenhoff, M. L., and Uys, C. J.:  Coxsackie Virus Myocarditis of the Newborn: A Pathological Survey of 4 Cases , M. Proc. 4:389, 1958;.
17 +
Godman, G. C.; Bunting, H., and Melnick, J. L.:  The Histopathology of Coxsackie Virus Infection in Mice , Am. J. Path. 28:223, 1952;.
18 +
Movitt, E. R.; Lennette, E. H.; Mangum, J. F.; Berk, M., and Bowman, M. S.:  Acute Benign Pericarditis: Report of Two Cases Associated with Group A and Group B Coxsackie Viruses , New England J. Med. 258:1082, 1958;.
19 +
McLeod, D. L.; Beale, A. J.; McNaughton, G. A., and Rhodes, A. J.:  Clinical Features of Aseptic Meningitis Caused by Coxsackie-B Virus , Lancet 2:701, 1956;.
20 +
Ahvenainen, E. K., and Hjelt, L.:  Myocardial Lesions of Early Childhood , Ann. Paediat. Fenniae. 1:12, 1954;-55.
21 +
Saphir, O.; Wile, S. A., and Reingold, I. M.:  Myocarditis in Children , Am. J. Dis. Child. 67:294, 1944;.
22 +
Drennan, J. M.:  Acute Isolated Myocarditis in Newborn Infants , Arch. Dis. Childhood 28:288, 1953;.
23 +
Saphir, O., and Cohen, N. A.:  Myocarditis in Infancy , A.M.A. Arch. Path. 64:446, 1957;.
24 +
Trossman, C. M., and Curtis, C. N.:  Fatal Interstitial Cardiopneumonitis in an Infant , U. S. Armed Forces M. J. 7:419, 1956;.
25 +
Song, Y. S., and Sprunt, D. H.:  Nonbacterial Diffuse Myocarditis Associated with Interstitial Pneumonia , A. M. A. Arch. Path. 65:666, 1958;.
26 +
Melnick, J. L., and Godman, G. C.:  Pathogenesis of Coxsackie Virus Infection: Multiplication of Virus and Evolution of the Muscle Lesion in Mice , J. Exper. Med. 93:247, 1951;.
27 +
Lépine, P.; Desse, G., and Sautter, V.:  Biopsies musculaires avec examen histologique et isolement du virus Coxsackie chez l'homme atteint de myalgie épidémique (maladie de Bornholm) , Bull. Acad. nat. méd. 136:66, 1952;.
28 +
Vivell, O.; Gädeke, R.; Roland, D., and Sievers, K.:  Klinische, virologische und pathologisch-anatomische Beobachtungen bei Coxsackie-Virus-Infektionen , Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 77: 983, 1952;.
29 +
Freudenberg, E.; Roulet, F., and Nicole, R.:  Kongenitale Infektion mit Coxsackie-Virus , Ann. paediat. 178:150, 1952;.
30 +
Benirschke, K.; Kibrick, S., and Craig, J. M.:  The Pathology of Fatal Coxsackie Infection in the Newborn , Am. J. Path. 34:587, 1958;.
31 +
Pappenheimer, A. M.; Kunz, L. J., and Richardson, S.:  Passage of Coxsackie Virus (Conn. 5 Strain) in Adult Mice with Production of Pancreatic Disease , J. Exper. Med. 94:45, 1951;.
32 +
Oppenheimer, E. H.:  Congenital Chickenpox with Disseminated Visceral Lesions , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 74:240, 1944;.

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