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April 1958, Vol 95, No. 4 >
Article | April 1958

Speech- and Language-Handicapped Children FREE

ISAAC W. KARLIN, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication July 10, 1957; accepted Sept. 6.

Presented at the 10th Postgraduate Seminar in Psychiatry and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.


AMA Am J Dis Child. 1958;95(4):370-376. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1958.02060050372005.
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In general usage the terms speech and language are used interchangeably. Sematically one has to differentiate between speech and language. Language in its widest sense signifies the elaboration of thoughts and ideas. Language and thought are intimately related and mutually influence each other. Spoken words are arbitrary audible symbols, and propositional, that is, meaningful, speech may be regarded as verbal means of communication, a tool and a manifestation of language.

From a phylogenetic point of view, speech is the newest of man's skills. For its normal development one must have a normally functioning brain, adequate hearing, normal peripheral anatomical structures used in speech, and also a stimulating environment.

These peripheral structures are not special organs set aside solely for speech. Speech has arrogated to itself structures such as the mouth, lungs, and larynx that biologically perform more vital and quite different functions. The central nervous system acts as an integrator

REFERENCES

1 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Aphasias in Children , A.M.A. Am. J. Dis. Child. 87:752, 1954;.
2 +
Nielsen, J. M.:  Agnosias, Apraxias, Speech, and Aphasias , in Clinical Neurology , edited by A. B. Baker, New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc. (medical book department of Harper & Brothers), 1955;.
3 +
Orton, S. T.: Reading, Writing and Speech Problems in Children , New York, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1937;.
4 +
Gesell, A., and Amatruda, C. S.: Developmental Diagnosis , New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc. (medical book department of Harper & Brothers), 1948;.
5 +
Karlin, I. W., and Strazzula, M.:  Speech and Language Problems of Mentally Deficient Children , J. Speech Disorders 17:286, 1952;.
6 +
Mc Laurin, J. W.:  The Inarticulate Child , Laryngoscope 64:455, 1954;.
7 +
Myklebust, H. R.: Auditory Disorders in Children , New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1954;.
8 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Congenital Verbal-Auditory Agnosia (Word Deafness) , Pediatrics 7:60, 1951;.
9 +
Bender, L.: A Dynamic Psychopathology of Childhood , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1954;.
10 +
Kanner, L.: Child Psychiatry , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1950;.
11 +
Strauss, A. A., and Lehtinen, L. E.: Psychopathology and Education of the Brain-Injured Child , New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1947;.
12 +
2- to 5-World News 5:4 (Feb.) 1957.
13 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Stuttering: Evaluation and Treatment , New York J. Med. 56:3719, 1956;.
14 +
Karlin, I. W., and Kennedy, L.:  Stuttering: Problem and Suggested Treatment , Am. J. Dis. Child. 55:383, 1938;.
15 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Stuttering—The Problem Today , J. A. M. A. 143:732, 1950;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

1 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Aphasias in Children , A.M.A. Am. J. Dis. Child. 87:752, 1954;.
2 +
Nielsen, J. M.:  Agnosias, Apraxias, Speech, and Aphasias , in Clinical Neurology , edited by A. B. Baker, New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc. (medical book department of Harper & Brothers), 1955;.
3 +
Orton, S. T.: Reading, Writing and Speech Problems in Children , New York, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1937;.
4 +
Gesell, A., and Amatruda, C. S.: Developmental Diagnosis , New York, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc. (medical book department of Harper & Brothers), 1948;.
5 +
Karlin, I. W., and Strazzula, M.:  Speech and Language Problems of Mentally Deficient Children , J. Speech Disorders 17:286, 1952;.
6 +
Mc Laurin, J. W.:  The Inarticulate Child , Laryngoscope 64:455, 1954;.
7 +
Myklebust, H. R.: Auditory Disorders in Children , New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1954;.
8 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Congenital Verbal-Auditory Agnosia (Word Deafness) , Pediatrics 7:60, 1951;.
9 +
Bender, L.: A Dynamic Psychopathology of Childhood , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1954;.
10 +
Kanner, L.: Child Psychiatry , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1950;.
11 +
Strauss, A. A., and Lehtinen, L. E.: Psychopathology and Education of the Brain-Injured Child , New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1947;.
12 +
2- to 5-World News 5:4 (Feb.) 1957.
13 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Stuttering: Evaluation and Treatment , New York J. Med. 56:3719, 1956;.
14 +
Karlin, I. W., and Kennedy, L.:  Stuttering: Problem and Suggested Treatment , Am. J. Dis. Child. 55:383, 1938;.
15 +
Karlin, I. W.:  Stuttering—The Problem Today , J. A. M. A. 143:732, 1950;.

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