Problems of Infancy and Childhood: Transactions of the Third Conference on Problems of Infancy and Childhood. March 7-8, 1949, New York.

The greatest of many virtues of these transactions is that they present in clear language dynamic viewpoints and contemporary thinking on many important problems of pediatrics. If there is any criticism of this volume, it is that it suffers from certain inevitable reportorial hiatuses which interfere with the clarity of transacted discussions. These are not too serious, because the recorded representations are informative and provocative and the discussions thereof are lively.

Escanola's presentation of the "Psychological Situation of Mothers and Children upon Return from the Hospital" is rich with observations and conclusions which should help the pediatrician to comprehend many of the irritating problems arising in the newborn infant's first period at home. Her highlighting of the new mother's own dependent needs open a vista for the appreciation of neonatal emotional-physiological behavior resulting from the maternal approach being colored with indifference, anxiety, reproach or hostility. The dependent needs of the