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May 1951, Vol 81, No. 5 >
Article | May 1951

PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL STUDY OF CHILDREN BORN DEAF FOLLOWING MATERNAL RUBELLA IN PREGNANCY FREE

EDNA SIMON LEVINE, Ph.D.
AMA Am J Dis Child. 1951;81(5):627-635. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1951.02040030640002.
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DURING the period 1939 to 1941, a series of observations was made by Dr. N. McAlister Gregg, of Australia, which has proved to be a new landmark in the investigation of congenital defects in infants. These observations concerned an entirely new variety of congenital cataract of dense nuclear type occurring in babies and differing from any of the previously reported morphological types both in appearance and in developmental opacity. In 1941 Gregg's report1 of his study of 78 such cases among children of New South Wales revealed the singular fact that the mothers of these babies, with few exceptions, had suffered from an exanthematous disease during early pregnancy. This disease had been diagnosed as rubella. Gregg, himself, was at first inclined to doubt the accuracy of the diagnosis, since apparently such defects had only come to notice as late as 1939. However, in 1942 the exanthematous disease in question

REFERENCES

1 +
Gregg. N. M.:  Congenital Cataract Following German Measles in the Mother , Tr. Ophth. Soc. Australia 3:35, 1941;.
2 +
Swan, C.; Tostevin, A. L.; Moore, B.; Mayo, H., and Black, G. H. B.:  Congenital Defects in Infants Following Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy, with Special Reference to Relationship Between German Measles and Cataract, Deaf-Mutism, Heart Disease, and Microcephaly, and to Period of Pregnancy in Which Occurrence of Rubella Is Followed by Congenital Abnormalities , M. J. Australia 2:201, 1943;.
3 +
Swan, C.; Tostevin, A. L.; Mayo, H., and Black, G. H. B.:  Further Observations on Congenital Defects in Infants Following Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy, with Special Reference to Rubella , M. J. Australia 1:409, 1944;.
4 +
Swan, C.; Tostevin, A. L., and Black, G. H. B.:  Final Observations on Congenital Defects in Infants Following Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy, with Special Reference to Rubella , M. J. Australia 2:889, 1946;.
5 +
Conte, W. R.; McCammon, C. S., and Christie, A.:  Congenital Defects Following Maternal Rubella , Am. J. Dis. Child. 70:301 ( (Nov.) -Dec.) 1945;.
6 +
Bamatter, F.; Bourquin, J., and Wenger, A. F.:  Embryopathie rebeolique: malformations congenitales multiples á la suite d'une rubeole au debut de la grossesse , Rev. oto-neuro-oftal. 21:240, 1949;.
7 +
Alarcón, A. G.:  Rubella as a Cause of Congenital Malformations , Am. J. Dis. Child. 78:914 ( (Dec.) ) 1949;.
8 +
Borremans-Ponthiere, P., and Ferrant, M.:  Embryopathie de la rubeole , Acta pædiat. belg. 3:235, 1949;.
9 +
Fox, M. J., and Bortin, M. M.:  Rubella in Pregnancy Causing Malformations in Newborn , J. A. M. A. 130:568 ( (March 2) ) 1946;.
10 +
Lande, L.:  Congenital Malformations with Severe Damage to the Central Nervous System Due to Early Fetal Virus Infection , J. Pediat. 36:625, 1950;.
11 +
Clayton-Jones, E.:  Rubella as a Cause of Congenital Deafness in England , Lancet 1:56, 1947;.
12 +
Hiller, B.:  Rubella Congenital Inner Ear Deafness in Tasmania , M. J. Australia 2:277, 1949;.
13 +
Carruthers, D. G.:  Congenital Deaf-Mutism as a Sequela of a Rubella-Like Maternal Infection During Pregnancy , M. J. Australia 1:315, 1945;.
14 +
Stutsman, R.: Mental Measurement of Preschool Children , Yonkers-on-Hudson, N. Y., World Book Company, 1931;.
15 +
Levine, E. S.: Psychological Testing of the Deaf: What Tests; Their Administration and Interpretation in Rehabilitation of Deaf and Hard of Hearing, Selection of Papers Presented at First Institute for Special Workers for Aural Disabled, Washington, D. C., Nov. 28 to Dec. 2, 1949, Staff Development Aids, no. 8, Federal Security Agency, Vocational Rehabilitation Office, Rehabilitation Service Series 117, 1950, p. 15.
16 +
Levine, E. S.:  A Preliminary Report of the Effect of Glutamic Acid Administration upon the Mental Functioning of the Slow Deaf Child , Volta Rev . 51:269 ( (June) ) 1949;.
17 +
Patrick, P. R.:  Report of a Survey of Children Born in 1941 with Reference to Congenital Abnormalities Arising from Maternal Rubella , M. J. Australia 1:421, 1948;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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References

1 +
Gregg. N. M.:  Congenital Cataract Following German Measles in the Mother , Tr. Ophth. Soc. Australia 3:35, 1941;.
2 +
Swan, C.; Tostevin, A. L.; Moore, B.; Mayo, H., and Black, G. H. B.:  Congenital Defects in Infants Following Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy, with Special Reference to Relationship Between German Measles and Cataract, Deaf-Mutism, Heart Disease, and Microcephaly, and to Period of Pregnancy in Which Occurrence of Rubella Is Followed by Congenital Abnormalities , M. J. Australia 2:201, 1943;.
3 +
Swan, C.; Tostevin, A. L.; Mayo, H., and Black, G. H. B.:  Further Observations on Congenital Defects in Infants Following Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy, with Special Reference to Rubella , M. J. Australia 1:409, 1944;.
4 +
Swan, C.; Tostevin, A. L., and Black, G. H. B.:  Final Observations on Congenital Defects in Infants Following Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy, with Special Reference to Rubella , M. J. Australia 2:889, 1946;.
5 +
Conte, W. R.; McCammon, C. S., and Christie, A.:  Congenital Defects Following Maternal Rubella , Am. J. Dis. Child. 70:301 ( (Nov.) -Dec.) 1945;.
6 +
Bamatter, F.; Bourquin, J., and Wenger, A. F.:  Embryopathie rebeolique: malformations congenitales multiples á la suite d'une rubeole au debut de la grossesse , Rev. oto-neuro-oftal. 21:240, 1949;.
7 +
Alarcón, A. G.:  Rubella as a Cause of Congenital Malformations , Am. J. Dis. Child. 78:914 ( (Dec.) ) 1949;.
8 +
Borremans-Ponthiere, P., and Ferrant, M.:  Embryopathie de la rubeole , Acta pædiat. belg. 3:235, 1949;.
9 +
Fox, M. J., and Bortin, M. M.:  Rubella in Pregnancy Causing Malformations in Newborn , J. A. M. A. 130:568 ( (March 2) ) 1946;.
10 +
Lande, L.:  Congenital Malformations with Severe Damage to the Central Nervous System Due to Early Fetal Virus Infection , J. Pediat. 36:625, 1950;.
11 +
Clayton-Jones, E.:  Rubella as a Cause of Congenital Deafness in England , Lancet 1:56, 1947;.
12 +
Hiller, B.:  Rubella Congenital Inner Ear Deafness in Tasmania , M. J. Australia 2:277, 1949;.
13 +
Carruthers, D. G.:  Congenital Deaf-Mutism as a Sequela of a Rubella-Like Maternal Infection During Pregnancy , M. J. Australia 1:315, 1945;.
14 +
Stutsman, R.: Mental Measurement of Preschool Children , Yonkers-on-Hudson, N. Y., World Book Company, 1931;.
15 +
Levine, E. S.: Psychological Testing of the Deaf: What Tests; Their Administration and Interpretation in Rehabilitation of Deaf and Hard of Hearing, Selection of Papers Presented at First Institute for Special Workers for Aural Disabled, Washington, D. C., Nov. 28 to Dec. 2, 1949, Staff Development Aids, no. 8, Federal Security Agency, Vocational Rehabilitation Office, Rehabilitation Service Series 117, 1950, p. 15.
16 +
Levine, E. S.:  A Preliminary Report of the Effect of Glutamic Acid Administration upon the Mental Functioning of the Slow Deaf Child , Volta Rev . 51:269 ( (June) ) 1949;.
17 +
Patrick, P. R.:  Report of a Survey of Children Born in 1941 with Reference to Congenital Abnormalities Arising from Maternal Rubella , M. J. Australia 1:421, 1948;.

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