PSEUDARTHROSIS, or pseudoarthrosis, implies the formation of a false joint, usually following a fracture, with no attempt at repair. It occurs in both adults and children, and the paucity of descriptions for all types of the condition in the majority of textbooks bespeaks its comparative rarity. The sites of election are mainly confined to the following bones: the tibia or fibula, usually the lower part, and less often the upper third of the femur, the upper and middle thirds of the clavicle and humerus and the lower part of the forearm (Kelly1). Blumenfeld2 stated:
In accordance with Bruns's statistics, quoted by Böhler, pseudarthrosis occurs once in 200 or 250 cases, or in 0.5 per cent of all diaphyseal fractures; according to Scudder, it occurs in from 2 to 3 per cent; and according to Hey Groves, in from 4 to 5 per cent.
Milch3 reported that nonfusion