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RATIO OF CARDIOVASCULAR MALFORMATIONS TO OTHER TYPES OF HEART DISEASE IN CHILDREN

JAMES H. WALLACE, M.D.
Am J Dis Child. 1942;63(6):1096-1100. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1942.02010060080004.
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This study concerns the incidence of congenital heart disease in relation to that of all heart disease as observed at the Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago.

In 1937 Roberts1 stated that there was "no trustworthy estimation of the incidence of congenital heart disease." White2 tabulated nineteen reports on the subject from various parts of the world, including the United States, England, South Africa and Ceylon, and the rates (relative to all heart disease) varied from 0 to 5.5 per cent. These studies obviously were not directed at children and presumably included all age groups. Levine3 stated that the incidence of congenital heart disease is probably not more than 1 to 2 per cent of all heart disease in persons over 12 years of age and added that the figure will be much greater for persons under that age. Most of the recent investigations concerning the topic have

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